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1、高三定语从句定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。Hehaspassedthedrivingtest, which surprisesallofus. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作
2、用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。Heisateacher （）worksatourschool.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, （） isthecapitalofChina,isabeau
3、tifulcitywithalonghistory.比较：1.Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany. (Hehasonlytwosons.)2.Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany. (Perhapshehastwomoresons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语Sheisthegirl(whom/that) Ilovedbefore.(可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语Heisnol
4、ongertheboy(that) heusedtobe. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housingpriceisaproblem (that/which)peopleareinterestedin.比较：Housingpriceisaproblem inwhich peopleareinterested.（此时只能用which且不能省略） 2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Whoistheman that isshoutingthere
5、?②关系代词在从句中作表语时Sheisnotthegirl that sheusedtobe.③先行词被thevery,theright,theonly修饰Thisistheveryperson that wearelookingfor.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one,ones,anybody,all,none,those等Those who wanttogotothecinema willhaveto waitatthegateoftheschool.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWhoisthebo
6、y that wonthegoldmedal?③在therebe结构中Therearemanyyoungmen who areagainsthim.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who ismybestfriend, hasgoneabroadtostudy.3.先行词是物(that/which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中Shelostthegame, which depressedhergreatly.②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语Thepen withwhich youwrite isJack’s.③先行
7、词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Letmeshowyouthenovel that Iborrowedfromthelibrary which isnewlyopentous.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,noone等Shedidall that shecould tohelpus.②先行词被all,every,no,some,little,much,theonly,heve
8、ry,theright，thelast等所修饰时Thisistheverybook that Iwant.③先行词中既有人又有物时Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeople
