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时间:2019-05-20
《被动语态专题复习教案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、被动语态一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如:ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语:speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。例如:Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。一、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。被动语态的各种形式:1)一般现在时:am
2、/is/are+doneeg:I'maskedtotakecareofmyself.eg:Footballisplayedallovertheworld.2)现在完成时:has/havebeendoneeg:Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.eg:Thepricesofmanygoodshavebeencutagain.3)现在进行时:am/is/arebeingdoneeg:Aroadisbeingbuiltaroundthemountain.eg:Manynewhousesareb
3、eingbuiltinthiscity.4)一般过去时:was/weredoneeeg1:Thishousewasbuiltin1958.eg2:Hislegwasbrokeninanaccident..5)过去完成时:hadbeendoneeg1:Anewschoolhadbeensetupbytheendoflastyear.eg2:Whentheanthemhadbeenplayedtheconferencebegan.6)过去进行时:was/werebeingdoneeg1:meetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.e
4、g2:Wewerebeingtrainedthistimelastyear.7)一般将来时:shall/willbedoneeg1:Morefactorieswillbebuiltinourcity.eg2:Hewillbetakentohospitaltomorrow.8)将来完成时:shall/willhavebeendoneeg1:TheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforeJuly.eg2:Yourclothesshallhavebeenmadeforyousoon.三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动
5、作的执行者是谁。例如:Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)Thisbridgewasbuiltin1981.这座桥建于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。例如:TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。 Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态
6、的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如:Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.Atreewascutdownbyhim.:练习:把下列句子变成被动语态。1.Peopl
7、espeakEnglishinmanycountries.2.Peopleplanttreesinspring.3.Webuiltthisbridgelastyear.4.XiaoLiuhasinvitedyoutoalunchparty.5.Theyarerepairingthecarinthegarage.6.Theywon'tholdthemeetinguntilnextFriday.7.Hasanybodyfedthebirds?8.Peoplewillneverforgettheaccident.9.Youmaywritethislette
8、rinpencil.10Thetigerinthezoofrightenedthelittlegirl.
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