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1、专题能力训练十四 阅读理解(五)A(2017·天津和平区二模,D)Saying“I’msorry”whenyou’vehurtsomeonecanbeahardthingtodo.We’restubborncreatures,afterall,anddon’tlovedealingwithitwhenwe’rewrong.Butapologizing,andmeaningit,isanimportantpartoftheforgivenessprocess.MichaelMcCulloughmadearesearchandfoundthatthemostsincere,forgiven
2、ess-inducingapologiesincludesaying“I’msorry”,offeringtomakeupforthewrongdoinginsomeway,andtakingresponsibility.Andthereasonwhytheyworksowellislargelybasedonprinciplesofevolution;theapologiesmakethetransgressor(犯错的人)seemmorevaluableasarelationshippartner,andalsohelpthevictimfeellessatriskofgettin
3、ghurtagain.Onebasicscientificimplicationoftheresultsisthatthehumanpsychologyofconflictresolutionisunusuallysimilartothatofanimalswhichliveingroups.“Manygroup-livinganimals,particularlymammals,seemtouse‘peace-makinggestures’assignalsoftheirdesiretoendconflictandrestorecooperativerelationshipswith
4、otherindividualsafteraggressiveconflicthasoccurred,”McCulloughsaid.“Weseemtoreachacommonviewonthispoint.”“Iwouldsaythatempathy(情感共鸣)isapartofgoodmentalhealth,andthatcouldbeapartofthenaturalselectionprocess,too,”BethanyMarshallsays.“Humanswithempathytendtobehealthierandmakebetterchoicesinlife,whi
5、lethosewhoareaggressivedon’ttendtodoaswell.”Andhavingempathywhenyou’vehurtsomeone,shesays,isthebestwaytoapologize.“Themostimportantthingisthatyoufeeltheotherperson’spain,”sheexplains.“Soinsteadofusinglogictoexplainordefend,lookinwardtoidentifywhyyoudidthebadthing.Thenconveythattothemandsaythatyo
6、uwouldliketomakeitbetter.Thatcounts.”Youcanmakeitevenbetterbymakingsuretoactdifferentlythenexttimearound—whatthestudyauthorsreferredtoas“compensation”(补偿).Butwhattendstohappenoften,saysMarshall,isthatpeoplegetdefensiveaboutwhatthey’vedone,orevenmadatthepersonthey’vewronged.Sowatchyourresponse,be
7、causetheworstapology,sheadds,“isonewherethevictimisblamed.”【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。文章阐述了当我们做了错事并伤害了别人时,向其道歉的方式是很重要的。1.Whenyouhurtsomeoneandapologize,itmeans . A.youwon’ttakeriskofgettinghurtB.youputagoodvalueonasincerepartnerC.youha
