《知识图谱综述》pdf版

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1、IntroductiontoKnowledgeGraphs肖仰华复旦大学知识工场实验室shawyh@fudan.edu.cn2017-7-13Outline源内起涵分价类值历史脉络诞生背景核心优势规模巨大语义丰富质量精良结构友好源起历史脉络人工智能知识工程知识表示知识图谱AI(ArtificialKE(KnowledgeKR(KnowledgeKG(KnowledgeIntelligence):Think,act,engineering)isanrepresentation)isgraph)isala

2、rgescalehumanlyorrationallyengineeringdisciplinededicatedtosemanticnetworkthatinvolvesintegratingrepresentingconsistingof"Theexcitingnewefforttoknowledgeintoinformationabouttheentities/conceptsasmakecomputersthink…computersystemsinworldinaformthatawella

3、sthesemanticmachineswithminds,inordertosolvecomplexcomputersystemcanrelationshipsamongthefullandliteralsense."problemsnormallyutilizetosolvecomplexthem(Haugeland,1985)requiringahighleveloftaskssuchasdiagnosing"AI…isconcernedwithhumanexpertiseamedicalcon

4、ditionorintelligentbehaviorinhavingadialoginartifacts."(Nilsson,1998)anaturallanguage.诞生背景•2012年5月，Goolge正式发表自己的知识图谱•搜索核心需求：让搜索通往答案•无法理解搜索关键词•无法精准回答•根本问题•缺乏大规模背景知识•传统知识表示难以满足需求KG优势1：largescale•HighercoverageoverentitiesandconceptsKGs#ofEntities/Concepts

5、#ofRelationsYAGO10Million120MillionDBpedia28Million9.5BillionProbase2.7Million70BillionBabelNet14Million5BillionCN-DBpedia17Million200MillionKG优势2:semanticallyrich•HighercoverageovernumeroussemanticrelationshipsKGs#ofRelationsDBpedia1,650YAGO114YAGO374C

6、N-DBpedia100ThousandsKG优势3：highquality•Highquality•Bigdata:Crossvalidationbymultiplesources•Crowdsourcing:qualityguarantee[Yin,etc.,TruthDiscoverywithMultipleConflictingInformationProvidersontheWeb,kdd07]KG优势4:friendlystructure•Structuredorganization•By

7、RDF•Bygraph越来越多的知识图谱应运而生Yago，WordNet,FreeBase,Probase,NELL,CYC,DBpedia….时间知识图谱数量2017-03-161,1392014-08-305702011-09-192952010-09-222032009-07-14952008-09-18452007-11-07282007-05-0112"LinkingOpenDataclouddiagram2017,byAndrejsAbele,JohnP.McCrae,PaulBuitel

8、aar,AnjaJentzschandRichardCyganiak.http://lod-cloud.net/"KG组成KG的表述点边逻辑表示物理表示实体内涵概念值KG组成-Node-Entity•Entity/Objects/Instances•Wikipedia:Anentityissomethingthatexistsasitself,asasubjectorasanobject,actuallyorpotentially,concretelyo