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ID:37229556
大小:2.14 MB
页数:45页
时间:2019-05-20
《河网演化的非平衡统计动力学》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、摘要河流网由于河床土质、植被、降水等的不均匀性使得河道长度、方向、流域面积等河网参数出现随机性变化和涨落。广义非线性朗之万方程是描绘随机背景下物理量变化规律的随机动力学方程,与之相对应的Fokker-Planck,方程则是描述随机分布的基本方程之一,可以给出系统的输出及其时间行为等。本文将从河道延伸的随机动力学出发,获得河道长度分布的概率演化方程,以期获得河网的若干重要分布律,从而加深对河网演化机制的理解。主要研究内容如下:(1)建立了河网初期演化过程中河道延伸的朗之万方程,通过动力学分析得出了朗之万方程中影响河道长度的确定项的具体表达式,并对相应的扩散项形式进行了推导和分析,得出了长度关丁时
2、间的动力演化方程。(2)从河长的朗之万方程出发推导出了与之相对应的长度概率密度演化的方程——Fokk*Pl锄ck方程。并推导出了跃迁概率的具体表达式,进而川数值积分的方法得出了河长累计概率的变化趋势。(3)从河长的累积概率和跃迁概率出发,运用Hack定律推导出面积的概率分布和累计面积概率密度的变化趋势。本文的结尾部分,是全文的总结,并对所做的I:作作了展鬯。关键词:随机返动:朗之万方程;Fokker-Planck方程;河K分布律:流域Iflj积分布律AbstractParametersofafivernetwork,suchaslengthofchannels,directionofstrea
3、msandareaofthebasins,usuallyfluctuaterandomlyduetotheno-u面'formityofsoil,vegetationandrainfall.GeneralizedI_angevinEquationis.often.us目.to.inzestigat9the.dynamicbehaviorsofrandomsystems.ItCallbetransformedintoFokker-Planckequationfromwhichonecallgetthedistributionsoftheoutputvariablesofasystemandthe
4、evolutionofthedistributionwithtime.Inthisdissertation,anequationthatexpressestheprobabilityevolutionofthechannellengthisderivedfromadynamicmodelthatissuggestedbasedonerosionfortheprolongationoffiverchannel.Sometypicaldistributionsinnaturalrivernetworksarcreproducedbythesolutionandthefurtheranalyses.
5、Andthensomedeeperunderstandingsofthenaturallawsareobtained.Themainworksoftheabove-mentionedarelistedasfollows:(1)Accordingtotheerosionruleinanaturalprocess,aLangevinEquationdescribingtheprolongationoffiverchannelisdefmed.Thedeterminateprolongationisgivenbyconsiderationofthecharacteristicsoftheearlys
6、tageinthedevelopmentofariverchannel.Therandomgrowth(diffusion)isexpressedbythefluctuationsoftherelatedstochasticvariablesorfactors.(2)Fokker-PlanckequationthatdescribestheevolutionofthedistributionofthechannellengthisderivedfromLangevinEquation.Thesolutionpresentsthetransitionprobabilityandexceedenc
7、eprobabilitywithaPower-Exponentfunctionwhichindicatesthatthechannellengthdistributesinacomplicatedway.Thedetailsshowthatthereexistsacriticaltime,beforewhichrivernetworkisdevelopingandmarkedbyexponentd
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