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1、ACKNOWLEDGEMENTIwouldlikeheretoexpressmyprofoundthankstomysupervisor,ProfessorDengMingDe,whothroughoutthecoursemywritingthethesis,hasgivenmegreathelpwithhisextremepatienceandconscientiousness.Myworkowessomuchtohisconstantencouragement,enlighteningcommentsandvaluablesuggestions
2、.Inwritingthispaper,Ihavecitedfromandreferredtosomeworksinthisfield.Toallthoseauthors—mythanks.Finally,Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetomyparentsandmyhusbandfortheirconsistentencouragementandmoralsupport.1INTRODUCTIONInthepresentworldofinformationexplosion,thereisanobviousneedt
3、oimprovethecommunicationofinformation.Scientists,researchesandscienceandtechnologystudentsneedtohavearapid,effectiveandefficientwaytoobtaininformation.SinceChina’sopeningtotheoutsideworld,Chineseresearchersandscienceandtechnologystudentshavehadmuchaccesstoamuchlargeramountoffo
4、reigntechnicalliterature,includingjournals,textbooks,andpapers,etc.mostofwhicharepublishedinEnglish.Tokeepupwiththenewdevelopmentsintheirownfield,researchersandstudentshavetobeacquaintedwiththeever-increasingamountoftherelevantliterature.However,therearetwodifficultieslyingbef
5、orethem.First,thevolumeoftheliteraturemakesthisworkformidable.Secondly,theirforeignlanguageproficiencyissoinadequatethattheycannotreadmuchoftheforeignliteratureavailabletotheminashortspanoftime.Inordertokeepupwiththedevelopmentsinthefieldsofscienceandtechnologyintheoutsideworl
6、d,researchershavetousesurrogates,principallyabstracts,whichmayhelpsaveaboutnine-tenthsofthetimeneededfortheoriginaldocumentsontheonehand,andbroadenthescopeofreadingbyafactorof10ontheother.Abstractsalsofaciliateliteraturesearches.Becauseofthelargeamountofliteratureandtherelativ
7、elypoorlanguageproficiencyoftheChineseresearchersbeforereadingoriginalpapersthesecansavetimeandimprovetheirefficiency.1Abstractsalsohelptoovercomethelanguagebarrier.AccordingtoBorkoandBernier(1975),thereareabout70languagesinwhichpapersofscienceandengineeringappear.MostChineseh
8、avelearnedonlyoneforeignlanguage:English,orRussian,orGerman,o
