必修i 化学反应及离子反应（required i chemical reactions and ion reactions）

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1、必修i化学反应及离子反应（RequiredIchemicalreactionsandionreactions）RequiredIchemicalreactionsandionreactionsEquationaggregationWrittenbyShawThereactionofsodiumanditscompounds1.Thesodiumblockdarkensintheair4NaO2=2Na2OSodiumburnsintheair(yellowflame)2NaO2litNa2O2Na2Oheatsup(yellow)intheair2

2、Na2OO2=2Na2O22.Sodiumreactswithwater(floating,melting,swimming,ringing,red)2Na2H2O==2NaOHH22Na2H2O==2Na2OHH2Reactionofsodiumwithcoppersulfatesolution:2Na2H2O+CuSO4=Cu(OH):2+H2=+Na2SO4Thereactionofsodiumwithferricchloridesolution:6Na6H2O+2FeCl3=2Fe(OH)3:3H2=+6NaCl3,thereactionb

3、etweensodiumperoxideandwater2Na2O22H2O==4NaOHO22Na2O22H2O==4Na4OHO2(exothermicreaction,Na2O2isastrongoxidant,usedinbleaching)ReactionsofalkalineoxideNa2OwithwaterNa2OH2O=2NaOH4,canbeusedinsodiumperoxidemasksandsubmarinesasoxygensource,thereasonis:2Na2O22CO2=2Na2CO3O25,soda(sod

4、aash)reactswithhydrochloricacidSodiumchloridesolutioninhydrochloricacidNa2CO32HCl==2NaClH2OCO2CO322H==H2OCO2AddinghydrochloricacidtoexcessinsodasolutionNa2CO3HCl=NaHCO3NaClCO32H=HCO3NaHCO3HCl==NaClH2OCO2HCO3H==H2OCO26,bakingsodadecomposition2NaHCO3Na2CO3H2OCO2heatingup7.Themix

5、tureofsolidsodiumhydroxideandsodiumbicarbonateisheatedinanairtightcontainerNaHCO3NaOHheatingNa2CO3H2OHCO3OH=H2OCO32(ifthesolutionreactionionequation)8,NaHCO3reactedwithCa(OH)2:IonreactionequationofNaHCO3deficiency:HCO3OH+Ca2+=H2OCaCO3downNaHCO3excessiveionreactionequation2HCO3

6、2OH+Ca2+=2H2OCaCO3:+CO329.Reactionofcalciumchloridewithsodiumcarbonatesolution:CO32+Ca2+:=CaCO310.Lithiummetalburnsintheair4LiO2heating2Li2O11.IonizationequationofsodiumcarbonateNa2CO3=2Na++CO32-Two.Reactionofmagnesium,aluminiumandtheircompounds1.aluminumfoilburnsviolentlyinox

7、ygen4Al3O2lit2Al2O32.aluminumplatereactswithdilutehydrochloricacid2Al6HCl==2AlCl33H22Al6H==2Al33H23.aluminumreactswithsodiumhydroxidesolution2Al2NaOH2H2O==2NaAlO23H22Al2OH2H2O==2AlO23H2Thereactionof4.aluminumandferricoxideunderhightemperature(thermitereaction)2AlFe2O3hightempe

8、rature2FeAl2O35.aluminadissolvedinhydrochloricacidsolutionAl2