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1、材料的类型Typesofmaterials,metals（五金）,ceramics,polymers,（高分子材料）composites,elastomer（人造橡胶）部分材料性质复习Reviewofselectedpropertiesofmaterials,电导率和电阻率conductivityandresistivity,热导率thermalconductivity,应力和应变stressandstrain,弹性应变elasticstrain,塑性应变plasticstrain,屈服强度yieldstrength,最大抗拉强度ultimatetensilest
2、rength,最大强度ultimatestrength,延展性ductility,伸长率elongation,断面收缩率reductionofarea,颈缩necking,断裂强度breakingstrength,韧性toughness,硬度hardness,疲劳强度fatiguestrength,蜂窝honeycomb,热脆性heatshortness,晶胞中的原子数atomspercell,点阵lattice,阵点latticepoint,点阵参数latticeparameter,密排六方hexagonalclose-packed,六方晶胞hexagonalu
3、nitcell,体心立方body-centeredcubic,面心立方face-centeredcubic,弥勒指数Millerindices,晶面crystalplane,晶系crystalsystem,晶向crystaldirection,相变机理Phasetransformationmechanism:成核生长相变nucleation–growthtransition,斯宾那多分解spinodaldecomposition,有序无序转变disordered-ordertransition,马氏体相变martensitephasetransformation，
4、成核nucleation,成核机理nucleationmechanism,成核势垒nucleationbarrier,晶核，结晶中心nucleusofcrystal,（金属组织的）基体quay,基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,子晶，雏晶mattedcrystal,耔晶，晶种seedcrystal,耔晶取向seedorientation,籽晶生长seededgrowth,均质核化homogeneousnucleation,异质核化heterogeneousnucleation,均匀化热处理homogenizationheattreatment,熟料grog,自
5、恰场self-consistentfield固溶体Solidsolution:有序固溶体orderedsolidsolution,无序固溶体disorderedsolidsolution,有序合金orderedalloy,无序合金disorderedalloy.无序点阵disorderedlattice,分散，扩散，弥散dispersal,分散剂dispersant,分散剂，添加剂dispersantadditive,分散剂，弥散剂dispersantagent缺陷defect,imperfection,点缺陷pointdefect,线缺陷linedefect,d
6、islocation,面缺陷interfacedefect,surfacedefect,体缺陷volumedefect,位错排列dislocationarrangement,位错阵列dislocationarray,位错气团dislocationatmosphere,位错轴dislocationaxis,位错胞dislocationcell,位错爬移dislocationclimb,位错滑移dislocationslip,dislocationmovementbyslip,位错聚结dislocationcoalescence,位错核心能量dislocationco
7、reenergy,位错裂纹dislocationcrack,位错阻尼dislocationdamping,位错密度dislocationdensity,体积膨胀volumedilation,体积收缩volumeshrinkage,回火tempering,退火annealing,退火的，软化的softened,软化退火，软化（处理）softening,淬火quenching,淬火硬化quenchinghardening,正火normalizing,normalization,退火织构annealingtexture,人工时效artificialaging,细长比as
8、pectr
