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1、阅读理解-细节理解二1、 KongZi,alsocalledConfucius(551—479B.C.),andSocrates(469—399B.C.)livedonlyahundredyearsapart.DuringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,butitisinterestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideas,andhowtheseideasintur
2、n,shapedtheirsocieties. NeitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeacesthoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.TheurbanenvironmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical(激进的)thanConfucius.UnlikeConf
3、ucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.Thus,Socrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusingonissueslikefreedom,andknowledgeforitsownsake.Confucius,ontheotherhand,advisedthoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentontogovernmentservice. ConfuciussuggestedtheGolde
4、nRuleasaprinciplefortheconductoflife."Donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou.”Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotential(潜能)thanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedontheindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekw
5、isdom.Hebelievedthatsomeindividualshadmorepotentialtodeveloptheirreasonthanothersdid.LikeConfucius,hebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferior(下层的)classes. ForSocrates,thefamilywasofnoimportance,andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius,however,thefamilywasthecentreofs
6、ociety,withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations. Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.SocratesandConfuciushadmuchincommon.B.ConfuciushadmuchinfluenceonSocrates'ideas.C.T
7、hesocietieswereinfluencedbythephilosophers’ideas.D.TherewereculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandGreece.2.SocratessharedwithConfuciustheideathat _________.A.allmenwereequalwhentheywerebornB.thelowerclassesshouldberuledbytheupperclassC.thepurposeofmanwastoseekfreedomandwisdomD.peoplesho
8、uldnotaskotherstodowhattheydidnot
