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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2008,34(9):1650−1655http://www.chinacrops.org/zwxb/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.01650夏玉米杂交种登海3719根系分布与竞争力*姜文顺王空军吴秋平王永军董树亭刘鹏张吉旺(作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018)摘要:在大田箱式土柱栽培条件下
2、,比较了高产玉米品种登海3719和金海5号的根系特征,并以混播时地上部生物产量变化为依据,分析了根系特征与竞争能力的关系。结果表明,在氮肥供应充足条件下,登海3719单株根系生物量低于金海5号,根冠比无明显差异,其0~20cm根系分配比率大、活力高,在与金海5号根系竞争中地上部氮素积累量增加6%、生物量提高8%。不施氮时,登海3719的根冠比增加4%,金海5号增加21%,登海3719的根冠比、0~20cm根系分配比率及活力均低于金海5号,在根系竞争中氮素积累量减少8%,生物量下降2%。与金海5号相比,登
3、海3719在氮素供应不足时,根系竞争力弱,适应低氮条件的能力较差,但在氮肥充足条件下表现吸氮能力高,竞争力强。关键词:夏玉米;根系分布;根系竞争;根冠比RootDistributionandCompetitiveAbilityofSummerCornDenghai3719*JIANGWen-Shun,WANGKong-Jun,WUQiu-Ping,WANGYong-Jun,DONGShu-Ting,LIUPeng,andZHANGJi-Wang(StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiolo
4、gy/AgronomyCollege,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an271018,Shandong,China)Abstract:Corn(ZeamaysL.)plantdensityisknownasamajorfactordeterminingthedegreeofcompetitionbetweenplants.Moderncornhybridshaveseveralresponsestolightdeclineatlargedensities,such
5、askeepingaerectophileplanttypeandelon-gatingthemaintenanceofgreenleaves.Someresearchershavepointedoutthatmodernhybridsshowedhighlevelsinrootvigor,ATPaseactivity,andsolubleproteincontentsaswellasthedeep-verticalbutnarrow-horizontaldistributionofrootsinsoi
6、ls.However,therootcompetitiveabilityamongcultivarsthatreleasedindifferentyearsislittleknown.Denghai3719createdayield−1recordof21thain2005.TounderstandtherootspatialdistributionandcompetitiveabilityofDenghai3719,anexperimentwasconductedinrectangletanksfor
7、comparingtherootscharacteristicsandthebiomassofabovegroundpartbetweenDenghai3719andJinhai5(ahybridwidelycultivatedinChinaascontrol).Thecultivarswereplantedintwomodels,i.e.,twoplantspertank−1withthesamecultivarandwitheachplantfrombothcultivars.Eachmodeltr
8、eatedwithtwonitrogenlevels(0and7.5gNplant).Underthenitrogenapplicationcondition,thetwocultivarshadadistinctbiomassaccumulation,buttheirroot/shootratiosweresimilar.Denghai3719tookonsuperiorityoverJinhai5bothintheproportiona
