沙质滩涂石油污染物吸附与释放过程研究

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1、煺。密曩——1啷一⑧研究生学位论文。础躺塞验验一指刷燃名奎兰生．教授生增磊．班究基．㈣捌亟±专3Hc铺銮墟王程谴盘：糟辩自搠幽当E垦且．!垒．日学雠予日期生且中国海洋大学随含沙量增大、温度升高、pH值的增大而减小，但随盐度增加、沙土粒度变细其吸附量越大。沙质滩涂对海水中可溶性油的释放动力学曲线亦符合对数型动力学曲线；释放量随盐度和pH值的增大而减小，随温度和含沙量的增大而增大。(2)土柱试验表明，油类动态连续释放存在初始的快过程及随后的慢过程；淋漓初始时刻淋漓液油浓度下降较快，3．5h后开始缓慢减小，约经过23h后

2、，-淋漓液中油浓度基本稳定。根据室内模拟试验结果建立油类释放量的数学表达式，定量评价了不同时间段内沙质滩涂中油类污染物的释放量，初始2h淋出率为1．06％，整个过程29h总淋出率为7．75％，整个过程平均释放速率为8．66mg／kg-h。(3)通过小型波浪槽试验研究了在高波和低波两种情况下沙质滩涂吸附与释放可溶性油的过程，结果表明：初始阶段在高波作用下沙质滩涂对可溶性油的吸附速率和吸附量明显高于低波作用下沙质滩涂对可溶性油的吸附速率和吸附罱，在吸附的后阶段，两种波浪作用下水体中可溶性油衰减速率相差不大并趋于平衡；在

3、高波和低波两种情况下，高波作用下沙质滩涂的释放速率、释放量均大于低波作用下释放速率、释放量。(4)滨海沙滩受到石泊污染后，在动态波浪和潮汐的作用下，大量浮油形成乳化油和可溶性油，虽然在海水不断更替作用下海水中油浓度得于稀释，但存经过约120h的吸附与释放过程后沙质滩涂对油类污染物仍然以物理吸附过程为丰。关键词：沙质滩涂；石油污染；吸附；释放Studyontheprocessofadsorptionanddesorptiorlof0ilcontaminantsonsandsAbstract11Heoccurredfr

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7、ediationandcontrolcoastoilpollutionTheadsorptionanddesorptionofhydrocarbonsinsand-watersystemisstudiedsystemicallyinIhispaper．VErSt,thedynamiccurvesofadsorptionandadsorptiveisothermsofaqueousoilondifferentsandshavebeenmeasuredandthesandconteats。thesandsi距s，tem

8、peratu'e。pHandsalinityontheadsorptiveeffecthavebeenanalyzedbythebatchteSt．Thereleasedc：Ilrveofsandspollutedbyoilhasbeenascertaiuedandthesandcontents，temperature，pHandsalinityonther