AnalyticalChemistrySupplement分析化学补充

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1、CommitteeonProfessionalTrainingAnalyticalChemistrySupplementContextClassroomandlaboratoryexperiencesinanalyticalchemistryattheundergraduatelevelshouldpresentanintegratedviewofmethodsandinstrumentaltechniques,includingtheirtheoreticalbasis,forsolvingavarietyofrealchemicalprob

2、lems.Studentsshouldreceiveacoherenttreatmentofthevariousstepsoftheanalyticalprocess,including:problemdefinition,selectionofanalyticalmethod,samplingandsamplepreparation,validationofanalyticalmethod,datacollectionandinterpretation,andreporting.Theproblem-orientedroleofchemica

3、lanalysisshouldbeemphasizedthroughoutthestudent’sexperience.Suchexperiencesprovideanexcellentintroductiontotheanalyticalprocesswhileengagingstudentsinrelevantsocietalproblemsrequiringmodernchemicalanalysis.ConceptualTopicsThestudentshouldemergefromanundergraduateprogramofstu

4、dyhavingbeenexposedtoasystematictreatmentoftheentiresequenceofstepsoftheanalyticalprocess,including:DefinitionofAnalyticalRequirementsWhatistheanalyte?Whatisthenatureofthesample?Whatinformationisneeded(qualitative,quantitative)?Whatlevel(s)ofanalyte(s)is(are)expected?Fo

5、rquantitativeanalysis,whatisthedetectionthreshold,andwhatistherequiredprecisionandaccuracy?SelectionofAnalyticalMethodCriteria:informationcontent,specificity,limitofdetection,interferences,dynamicrange,samplingmethods(gas,liquid,solid),samplepreparation(solidphaseextraction

6、,digestion,etc.),accuracy,speed,easeofuse,cost,temporalandspatialresolution,regulations(FDA,EPA,GLP,ISO)CapabilitiesandLimitationsofAnalyticalMethods:oChemicalandBiologicalReactionsforAnalysisandtheirProperties:Reactionstoichiometry,equilibriumchemistry,reactionrate,labelin

7、g(fluorescent,radiochemical),biospecificreactions(enzymes,antibodies,DNA)oInstrumentalMethods:Instrumentcomponentsandprinciplesoftheiroperationinthefollowingareas:Spectroscopy(UV-vis,fluorescence,atomicabsorption,ICP-AES,IR,Raman,x-ray,NMR)Separations(GC,HPLC,electrophores

8、is,ionchromatography,affinitychromatography)Massspectrometryincludingthedi