《儿童创伤急救》ppt课件

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1、Chapter17TraumainChildrenTraumainChildrenTraumainChildren儿童创伤OverviewEffectivetechniquestogainconfidence有效增加信心的技巧Injuriesbasedonmechanismsofinjury受伤机理ITLSPrimaryandSecondarySurveys初步及进一步检查Consentandtheneedforimmediatetransport家长同意及需实时运送Pediatricequipmentneeds适合儿童之器材VariousmethodsofSMRonchi

2、ld儿童脊椎固定方法EMSinvolvementinpreventionprograms参与预防意外计划2TraumainChildren-TraumainChildrenDifferentfromadults与成人不同Differentpatternsofinjuries不同伤势模式Differentresponsestothoseinjuries不同反应Specialequipmentrequired需要特别器材Assessmentequipmentandtreatmentequipment检查及冶疗用的器材Difficulttoassessandcommunicate

3、较难评估及沟通Comewithcaregiversandotherfamilymembers与家人或照顾者同行3TraumainChildren-Communicating沟通Family-centeredcareiscritical.以家庭为中心Caregivernotalwaysparent.照顾者未必是父母Involvecaregiversasmuchaspossibleincare.尽量让照顾者参与Giveexplanationsandcarefulinstructions.必需详加解释及指示Inclusionandrespectwillimprovestabili

4、zation.包容及尊重可稳定伤者Keepcaregiversinphysicalandverbalcontact.与照顾者保持接触Demonstratecompetenceandcompassion.4TraumainChildren-AssessingMentalStatus捡查精神状态Consoledordistracted可按抚或转注意力Mostsensitiveindicatorofadequateperfusion能准确反映组织灌注是否足够Caregiversbestatdetectingsubtlechanges照顾者会较易分辩出伤者微小改变5Traumain

5、Children-AssessingMentalStatusInitiallevelofconsciousness最初清醒程度Preschoolchild:sleepingvs.unconscious幼儿:疲倦vs人事不醒Mostwillnotsleepthrougharrivalofambulance大部份沿途不会睡觉Askcaregiverstowakechild着照顾者弄醒伤者Suspecthypoxia,shock,headtrauma,seizure怀疑缺氧、休克、头部受伤、癫痫6TraumainChildren-CommunicatingInteractions

6、trategies使用适龄的语言Appropriatelanguagefordevelopmentallevel合适的语言Speaksimply,slowly,clearly说话要慢及简溸Begentleandfirm必需肯定Avoid“no”questions避免说”不”Getafavoritebelonging利用其喜爱的玩具/随身物品Getonchild’slevel降下身段至与伤者视线平衡ExplainSMRnecessity解释脊椎固定之需要Allowcaregivertoaccompanychild让照顾者与伤者同行7TraumainChildren-Careg

7、iverConsent照顾者”同意”Criticalcareshouldnotbedelayed.切勿延医冶理Emergencycareneeded如需进行急救Consentnotavailable未能取得”同意”Transportbeforepermission,documentwhy,notifymedicaldirection记录,速送医院,通知医五Consentdenied不同意Trytopersuade,documentactions,obtainsignature尝试说服、记录、签署Notifylaw