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1、锻造基础知识（Basicknowledgeofforging）The1.iscalledtheforgingforgingandstamping,forgingmachineryisusedthehammer,anvil,punchorpressureisappliedtotheblankthroughthemoldtoproduceplasticdeformation,soastoobtainthemoldingmethod,therequiredshapeandsizeoftheparts.P"Z7,d&,T
2、9,U7{2.whenthetemperatureismorethan300-400degrees(thebluebrittlenesszoneofthesteel)reaches700-800degreescentigrade,thedeformationresistancewilldecreasesharply,andthedeformationenergywillalsobegreatlyimproved.Accordingtotheforgingindifferenttemperatureareas,ac
3、cordingtothedifferentrequirementsofforgingqualityandforgingprocess,itcanbedividedintothreeformingtemperatureareas,coldforging,warmforgingandhotforging.Thereisnostrictboundaryforthistemperaturezone.Generallyspeaking,theforginginatemperaturezonewithrecrystalliz
4、ationiscalledhotforging,andtheforgingwithoutheatingatroomtemperatureiscalledcoldforging.9Pp*T+mL#Zm3
5、$);}3.lifeofforgingdie(hotforging2-5,warmforging1-2,coldforging2-5WAN)l&,w#,y+,B%,Q3,D4.whenforgingatlowtemperatures,thesizeoftheforgingsvarieslittle.Forginga
6、t700degreesCelsius,theformationofoxideskinless,andthesurfacewithoutdecarburization.Therefore,aslongasthedeformationcanbewithintherangeofformingenergy,coldforgingiseasytoobtainverygooddimensionalaccuracyandsurfacefinish.Aslongasthetemperatureandlubricationcool
7、ingarewellcontrolled,agoodaccuracycanbeobtainedbywarmforgingattemperaturesbelow700.Becausethedeformationenergyanddeformationresistanceareverysmallinhotforging,largeforgingswithcomplexshapecanbeforged.Inordertoobtainhighdimensionalprecisionforgings,theycanbema
8、chinedbyhotforginginthe900-1000degreetemperaturerange5.billettoproducedeformationandworkhardeningincoldforging,theforgingdieunderhighload,therefore,requirestheuseofhighstrengthdieandprocessingmethodisadoptedtopreventwearandadhesivehardfilm;T:m:y,_0`3Z4E6eg!6.
9、generallyspeaking,themechanicalpropertiesofcastingsarelowerthanthoseofthesamematerial.Inaddition,theforgingprocessensuresthecontinuityofthemetalfibertissue,Thefiberstructureoftheforgingis
