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________________________________________1HTheVoiceintheMarginNativeAmericanLiteratureandtheCanonArnoldKrupatUNIVERSITYOFCALIFORNIAPRESSBerkeley•LosAngeles•Oxford©1989TheRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia________________________________________[2HDedication]___________________________________
2、_____PreferredCitation:Krupat,Arnold.TheVoiceintheMargin:NativeAmericanLiteratureandtheCanon.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress,c19891989.http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft2g5004sk/Introduction________________________________________―3―ThisbookisintendedasacontributiontoAmericanculturalhistor
3、y—ofthepast,thepresent,and,atleastimaginably,thefuture—withspecialreferencetotheNativeAmericancomponentofthathistory.Iassumeratherthanarguethat,inpointofhistoricalfact,Americanculturehashad,hasnow,andwillcontinuetohavesomerelationtoNativeAmericanculture—althoughthatrelationhasmostfrequentlybeen
4、oneofavoidance.Asaresult,mostcommentatorsonAmericanculturegenerallyhavemanagedtoproceedasthoughtherewerenorelationbetweenthetwo,whiteandred,EuramericanandNativeAmerican,asifabsenceratherthanavoidancedefinedtheNewWorld:asifAmericawasindeed"virginland,"empty,uninhabited,silent,dumbuntiltheEuropea
5、nsbroughttheplowandthepentocultivateitswilderness.Fromthefirstdaysofsettlement,AmericanssoughttoestablishtheirownsenseofAmerican"civilization"inoppositiontosomecentrallysignificantOther,mostparticularlytotheIndian"savage."Untilascantthirty-fiveyearsago,theculturalhistoryofAmericawaswrittenprett
6、yexclusivelyfromthepointofviewofthosewhohadtriumphedinthecontestbetween"civilization"and"savagism,"inRoyHarveyPearce'sterms,withtheresultthatthevoiceoftheOtherwassimplysilenced,nottobeheard.Butthereisalwaysareturnoftherepressedinoneformoranother:andnowitisnolongerpossibletopretendtheOtherissimp
7、lysilentor________________________________________―4―absentbecausetheformerlyconqueredwrite—astheyfight—back.Today,thecommentatoronAmericanculturewhoignoresorresiststhisfactdoessoattheriskofguaranteeinghisorherownirrelevancetoanya
