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1、FirstaidFirstAidsymbolFirstaidistheprovisionofinitialcareforanillnessorinjury.Itisusuallyperformedbyalaypersontoasickorinjuredcasualtyuntildefinitivemedicaltreatmentcanbeaccessed.Certainself-limitingillnessesorminorinjuriesmaynotrequirefurthermedicalcarepa
2、stthefirstaidintervention.Itgenerallyconsistsofaseriesofsimpleand,insomecases,potentiallylife-savingtechniquesthatanindividualcanbetrainedtoperformwithminimalequipment.Whilefirstaidcanalsobeperformedonanimals,thetermgenerallyreferstocareofhumanpatients.His
3、toryTheearliestinstancesofrecordedfirstaidwereprovidedbyreligiousknights,suchastheKnightsHospitaller,formedinthe11thcentury,providingcaretopilgrimsandknights,andtrainingotherknightsinhowtotreatcommonbattlefieldinjuries.[1]Thepracticeoffirstaidfelllargelyin
4、todisuseduringtheHighMiddleAges,andorganizedsocietieswerenotseenagainuntilin1859HenryDunantorganizedlocalvillagerstohelpvictimsoftheBattleofSolferino,includingtheprovisionoffirstaid.Fouryearslater,fournationsmetinGenevaandformedtheorganizationwhichhasgrown
5、intotheRedCross,withakeystatedaimof"aidtosickandwoundedsoldiersinthefield".[1]ThiswasfollowedbytheformationofSt.JohnAmbulancein1877,basedontheprinciplesoftheKnightsHospitaller,toteachfirstaid,andnumerousotherorganizationjoinedthem,withthetermfirstaidfirstc
6、oinedin1878ascivilianambulanceservicesspreadasacombinationof'firsttreatment'and'nationalaid'[1]inlargerailwaycentresandminingdistrictsaswellaswithpoliceforces.FirstaidtrainingbegantospreadthroughtheempirethroughorganisationssuchasStJohn,oftenstarting,asint
7、heUK,withhighriskactivitiessuchasportsandrailways.[2]Manydevelopmentsinfirstaidandmanyothermedicaltechniqueshavebeendrivenbywars,suchasinthecaseoftheAmericanCivilWar,whichpromptedClaraBartontoorganizetheAmericanRedCross.[3]Today,thereareseveralgroupsthatpr
8、omotefirstaid,suchasthemilitaryandtheScoutingmovement.Newtechniquesandequipmenthavehelpedmaketoday’sfirstaidsimpleandeffective.AimsThekeyaimsoffirstaidcanbesummarisedinthreekeypoints:[4]·Preservelife-theoverr
