420108语言学与外语教学试题

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1、2009年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考专业基础课试卷学位类别名称教育硕士专业或领域名称学科教学（英语）专业基础课名称语言学与外语教学考生须知1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在i式题册上无效。2.答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。3.交卷吋，请配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。LDecidewhetherthefollowingaretrueorfalseandwriteTifthestatementistrue,orFifthestatem

2、entisfalse.(20%,onepointforeach)1.“Language”inlinguisticstudyreferstohumanlanguage.2.Modernlinguisticsismostlydescriptivebecauseitsetsrulesforlanguageuserstofollow.3.Traditionalgrammariansregardspokenlanguageasprimary.4.Tomodernlinguistics,writingisunimportant.5

3、.HArosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweetHbyShakespeareisagoodexampletoillustratethefactthatlanguageisarbitrariness.6.Thephonetictranscriptionwithdiacriticsiscalledbroadtranscription.7.Thevowel[e]canbedescribedasclose,frontandroundedvowel8.Thephonefd]isvoiced,denta

4、landstop.9.Allallophonesarephones.10.Thetwoforms“pot”and"top"canberegardedasaminimalpair.11.Theword"national"ismadeupoftwoboundmorphemes“nation"and“alt12.Senseisconcernedonlywithintra-linguisticrelations.13.Thewords“start"and“commence"havethesamecognitivemeaning

5、butdifferinstyle.14.Thepairofwordssuchasand“dowrT,“iif，and"out^arerelationalopposites.15.Theforceofanillocutionaryactisidenticalwiththeaddressee'sintention.16.Theformslike"Prof.”and"Dr：areblendingwords.17.Sociolectstudiestherelationshipbetweenlanguageandsocialcl

6、asses.18.Standardlanguageisnothingbutasocialdialectofthatlanguage.19.Errorssuggestfailureinperformancewhilemistakessuggestfailureincompetence.20・Atthesametimeasthechildisacquiringgrammaticalrules,heisalsoacquiringcommunicativecompetenceofhislanguage.ILWriteoutth

7、elinguistictermsdefinedasfollows.(20%,twopointsforeach)Chomskydefinesitastheidealuser^sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguage.2.Thedifferentphoneswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironments.2.Whentwodifferentformsareidenticalineverywayexceptforonesoundseg

8、mentwhichoccursinthesameplaceinthestrings.3.Thestudyoftheinternalstructureofwords,andtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.4.Awordthatisformedbycombiningtwoormorewordsorstems