[汇总]应用翻译---科技文体翻译练习

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1、WhatIsaSketchThemechanicmustnotonlyknowhowtoreadtheIanguageoftheindustrialworldbutmustalsoknowhowtowriteit.Hemustbeabletogivehisownideasanddescribeanobjecttosomeoneelse.Itisoftennecessarytomakejustapartforamachine・However,thereisnotimetomakeadrawingofitwithi

2、nstruments,notimeeitherforadraughtsmantomakeadrawing.Sometimesonlyonepieceofamachinepartistobemadeand,therefore,itwouldbeinconvenienttohavethedraughtsmanmakeamechanicaldrawing・Sketchesareimportantbecausetheyshowideasanddimensionsofamachinepart.Thecleverestid

3、ea,however,mayresultinagreatmistakeifthesketchispoorlydone.Wemustlearntomakecleansketchestobeeasilyreadbyothersaswellasbyourselves・MachineElementsAmachineconsistsofanumberofmachineelements・Themostusefulmachineelementinpowertransmissionisthegear.Thegearisvirt

4、uallyawheelwithanumberofteeth.Gearsmustworkinpairs・ApairofgearswithdifferentnumberofteethwillincreaseordecreasethespeedofrotationPulleysandbeltsareverycommoninpowertransmission.Theycanalsochangespeedsonmachinetools・Gearsorpulleysrotateonshafts・Theshaftmustre

5、stinbearings・Sometimestheremaybecouplingsbetweenshafts・Wemayuseclutchestostartorstopshaftmotion.Somemachineelementsmaybeverylarge・Othersmaybeverysmall・However,eachofthemplaysapartintheconstructionofamachine・CuttingToolsThemetalcuttingtoolseparateschipsfromth

6、eworkpieceinordertocuttheparttothedesiredshapeandsize・Thereisagreatvarietyofmetalcuttingtools・Eachofthemisdesignedtoperformaparticularjoboragroupofmetalcuttingoperationsinanefficientmanner.Forexample,atwistdrillisdesignedtodrillaholewhichhasaparticularsize,w

7、hileaturningtoolmaybeusedtoturnavarietyofcylindricalshapes・Therearethreebasictypesofmetalcuttingtools:single-pointtools,multiple-pointtools,andabrasives・Asingle-pointmetalcuttingtoolhasasinglecuttingedgeandisusedforturning,boring,shaping,andplanning.Themostc

8、ommonmachinetoolthatemploysthesingle-pointcuttingtoolistheenginelathe・Multiple-pointtoolshavetwoormorecuttingedgessuchasdrills,reamers,andmillingcutters.Thecuttingedgeisthatpartofthetoolwherecut