资源描述：
《英语专业精读小论文iswesternpressapawnortrulyfree》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、IsWesternpressapawnortrulyfree?TheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightsstates:nEveryonehastherighttofreedomofopinionandexpression;thisrightincludesfreedomtoholdopinionswithoutinterference,andimpartinformationandideasthroughanymediaregardlessoffrontiers"SinceJohn
2、Miltonputforward"FreedomofPress11,themankindhasbeenmakingeffortstostriveforthemaximalfreedomofspeech.Today,withthedevelopmentofnewsindustry,FreedomofPressbecomesaspecialrightofthenewsmediaswhentheysatisfycitizensright-to-known,itistheessentialguaranteethatth
3、enewsmediascompletethemissionofspreadinginformation.However,duetospecialitself,thelegalguaranteeofthePressFreedomhasitsdeficiencyandlimitation.Nowadays,almosteverybodybelievesthatthefreedomofthemediaisanessentialprerequisiteofamoderndemocracy.Yet,atthesameti
4、me,manypeoplearealsoconvincedthatthemediaareturningdemocraticpoliticsintoabranchofshowbusiness.Insteadofrationaldebatebetweenrivalideas,contemporarypoliticshavebeentrivializedintoaseriesofsoundbitesandphotoopportunitiesforcouchpotatoeswatchingthetelevisionne
5、wsbulletins.Yet,fortheEnlightenmentphilosophers,thestruggleformediafreedomwasfoughttocreatetheconditionsfortheparticipationofthecommonpeopleindemocraticpolitics.Intheirview,citizensofademocraticrepublichadtodecidetheissuesofthedayamongstthemselvesthroughpubl
6、icdebate,includinginprint.Inthelate-eighteenthcenturies,thisparticipativeformofmediafreedomwasputintopractice.Withthehelpofafewassistants,revolutionaryheroessuchasFranklinorMaratwereabletoprinttheirownpublicationsontheirownprintingpresses.Althoughthephilosop
7、hersusuallydefendedmediafreedomwithpoliticalormoralarguments,theexerciseofthisfundamentalrightwasmadepossiblebythewidespreadownershipofcheapwoodenprintingpresses-Despiteitslibertarianclaims,thisclassicalliberalformofmediafreedomwasinrealityrestrictedtoaminor
8、ityofmaleproperty-owners.Withartisanprintingmethods,onlyalimitednumberofexpensivecopiesofanypublicationcouldbeproduced.However,withtheindustrializationofprinting,economiesofscaleallowedprintedma
