英美文选资料复习

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1、二现实Twain,James,EmilyDickinson,Dreiser（自然主义,三代表，历险记,贵妇人，黛瓯三部曲，嘉丽）一:现实主义时期界定:Theperiodrangingfrom1865to1914hasbeenreferredtoastheAgeofRealism•二:历史文化背景:TheAmericansocietyaftertheCivilWarprovidedrichsoilfortheriseanddevelopmentofRealism.Americanhadtransformeditselffrom

2、aJeffersonianagrariancommunityintoanindustrializedandcommercializedsociety.Theburgeoningeconomyandindustrysteppedupurbanization.Polarizationofthewell・beingstartedtoshowup,withthepoorpoorerandtherichricher•三:文学特点:TheRealisticperiodisactuallyamovementortendencythatdo

3、minatedthespiritofAmericanliterature,especiallyAmericanfictionfromthe1850sonwards.RealismwasareactionagainstRomanticismoramoveawayfromthebiastowardsromanceandself-creatingfictions.四:现实主义与自然主义的异同:Naturalismisevolvedfromrealismwhentheauthor'stoneinwritingbecomeslesss

4、eriousandlesssympatheticbutmoreironicandmorepessimistic.Itisnomorethanadifferentphilosophicalapproachtoreality,ortohumanexistence•五:自然主义:TheimpactofDarwin'sevolutionarytheoryontheAmericanthoughtandtheinfluenceofthe19thcenturyFrenchliteratureontheAmericanmenofletter

5、sgaverisetoyetanotherschoolofrealism:Americannaturalism.ArtisticallynaturalisticwritingsareusuallyunpolishedinlanguageJackinginacademicskillsandunwieldyinstructure.philosophically,thenaturalistsbelievethattherealandtrueisalwayspartiallyhiddenfromtheeyesoftheindivid

6、ual,orbeyonghiscontrol.六:重要作家：①MarkTwain马克吐温作品及内容：H.L.Menckenconsideredhe"thetruefatherfoorournationalliterature^.HisRoughingItdescribesajourneythatworksitswayfartherandfartherwestthroughNavadatoSanFranciscoandthentoHawaii.LifeontheMississippitellsastoryofhisboyhoo

7、dambitiontobecomeariverboatpilot,thistimeupanddowntheMississippi.TheAdventuresofTomSawyerisusuallyregardedasaclassicbookwrittenforboysabouttheirparticularhorrorsandjoys•里程ti卑AdventuresofHuckleberryFinneisaboy'sbookwrittenfortheadults5andHemingwaydescribedit"allmode

8、mAmericanliteraturecomes：人物刻画及语言风格:MarkTwainisthemostfamouslocalcolorist，jtconcernedwiththelifeofasmall,well-definedregionorprovince.hishumorchar