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1、BuildingwithNature:insearchofresilientstormsurgeprotectionstrategiesLow-lying,denselypopulatedcoastalareasworldwideareunderthreat,requiringcoastalmanagerstodevelopnewstrategiestocopewithlandsubsidenee,sealevelriseandtheincreasingriskofstoirn・sui・ge・inducedfloods.Trad
2、itionalengineeringapproachesoptimizingforsafetyarcoftensuboptimalwithrespecttootherfunctionsandarcneitherresilientnorsustainable・Denselypopulateddeltasinparticularneedmoreresilientsolutionsthatarcrobust,sustainable,adaptable,multifunctionalandyeteconomicallyfeasible.
3、Innaturalenvironments,floockinducedinundationsmayberegularandbeneficialphenomenathatbringnewsedimentandnutrientsontotheland,thusoffsettingsubsidenceorsea-levelrise.Indenselypopulatedpartsoftheworld,however,floodingisperceivedasanundesirableeventagainstwhichdefencesar
4、eneeded.Inthis"fightagainstwaterdikes,barriersandotherhardstmetureshavebecomecommoninstruments,focusingprimarilyontheareatobeprotectedratherthanonthewatersystem.Onceflooddefencetechnologyhadbecomesufficientlyreliable,demographicandeconomicdriversledpeopletosettleina
5、ndextendtheprotectedareas,thusenhancingthepotentialriskofcasualtiesanddamagesifthedefencesarcbroken,Oneoftheseisthatthebarrierblocksallsedimenttransport,inorout,thusmorphologicallyseparatingtheestuaryfromthesea.Thiswillinevitablyhaveundesirablelong-tenneffects・Forins
6、tance,theouterdeltawilltendtorisewiththerisingsealevel,butthebedinthebasinbehindthebarrierwillnotbecauseofthelackofsedimenttransport.tragicconsequencesofHurricaneKatrinaontheGulfCoast,andinNewOrleansinparticular,havehighlightedtheimportanceofaddressingecosystemservic
7、es一suchasthestoiTnsurgeprotectionthatwetlandsprovide一inmanagementdecisionsinvolvingcoastalsettlementandinfrastructurepoliciesNewapproacheshavebeeninstitutionalizedinDutchflooddefencepolicies(VanderBruggeetal.2005)withcampaignssuchas"livingwithwater9and'increasingther
8、esilienceofourflooddefences'recentlyissuedapositionpaperonits'WorkingwithNature'approach,whichisdescribedas'anintegratedprocesswhic
