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1、ResearchonecologicalprotectiontechnologyofsandsubgradeinYINGSHUANGhighwayADissertationSubmittedfortheDegreeofMasterCandidate：SongHaiminSupervisor：Prof.ZhouZhijunSnEngr.LiuHaipengChang’anUniversity,Xi’an,China摘要本文以“营双高速公路”为依托，开展了沙漠高速公路生态防护技术应用研究，主要研究工作如下：（1）对甘肃省境内典
2、型沙漠公路进行调研，调研内容主要包括固沙措施（机械固沙措施、植物固沙措施）、防风阻沙措施、公路防护效果等，总结出依托工程适生植物种类。（2）通过安置集沙仪、风速廓线仪、风沙检测仪、小型梯度气象站等设备，测试了依托工程附近不同类型地面风力指标、风沙流结构特征及机械组成。（3）采用投影照相法测定植被的覆盖度和生物量，根据立地质量的分类原则和指标，将营双高速公路沙漠路段立地质量分为四类，分别为Ⅰ类立地（基本没有风沙危害性）、Ⅱ类立地（风沙危害性较弱）、Ⅲ类立地（风沙危害性较强）、Ⅳ类立地（风沙危害性强）。（4）根据沙漠工程固沙理
3、论和植物固沙原理，选择花棒、柽柳等适宜防风固沙植物，并设计了营双高速公路沙漠段边坡防护典型模式。考虑施工条件、经济效益、植物的成活率、景观美观程度及协调性等因素，提出了基于模糊数学的沙漠公路边坡防护优选方法。关键词：高速公路，生态防护，固沙措施，风沙流结构，立地质量，优选方法iAbstractInthispaper,astudyondesertecologicalprotectiontechnologyforhighwayapplicationrelyingon"YingShuangHighway"iscarriedout
4、,themainresearchworkasfollows:(1)AsurveyoftypicaldeserthighwayinGansuprovince,mainlyincludingsand-fixingmeasures(mechanicalsand-fixation,plantsand-fixation),theefficiencyofwindpreventionandsandresistancemeasures,andhighwayprotection,sumsupthesuitablegrowthplantspe
5、ciesdependingonprojects(2)Byinstallingthesandcollector,windprofilers,wind-sanddetectinginstrumentandsmallgradientsweatherstationequipment,differenttypesofgroundwindindex,sandflowcharacteristicsofstructuresandmechanicalcomponentsneartheprojectscanbetested.(3)Projec
6、tionphotographymethodisusedtodeterminatethecoveragedegreeandbiomassofvegetation.Accordingtotheprincipleandindexofclassificationofsitequality,thedesertroadssiteof"YingShuangHighway"canbedividedintofourcategories,respectively,asaclassIsite(basicallynowind-sandhazard
7、),classIIsite(wind-sandhazardweaker),classIII(wind-sandhazardstrong)andclassIVsite(wind-sandhazardverystrong)(4)Accordingtosand-fixationtheoryandplantsand-fixationprincipleofdesertengineering,wecanchoosethesuitableplantsforwindbreakandsandfixation,suchasHedysarumS
8、copariumandChineseTamarisk,anddesignatypicalslopeprotectionofthedesertsectionin"YingShuangHighway".Consideringtheconstructioncondition,economicbenefit,s
