00830现代语言学复习资料

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1、甘肃考试网【 www.Stegs.netwww.BceR.cn】 QQ交流群:35167222各类考试历年试题答案免费直接下载00830现代语言学复习资料教材购买：http://www.stegs.net/so.html第一章  绪论1/Whatislinguistics?¢什么是语言学？¢Linguistics isgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.Itstudiesnotanyparticularlanguage,butlanguagesingeneral.2/Thescopeoflinguistics¢语言学的研究范

2、畴¢Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled generallinguistics.(普通语言学)¢Thestudyofsounds,whichareusedinlinguisticcommunication,iscalled phonetics.（语音学）¢ Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherandusedincommunicationiscalled phonology.（音系学）¢ Thestudyofthewayinwhichmorphemesarearrangedtoformwordsarecalled

3、 morphology.（形态学）¢ Thestudyofhowmorphemesandwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesiscalled syntax.（句法学）¢ Thestudyofmeaninginlanguageiscalled semantics.（语义学）¢ Thestudyofmeaningincontextofuseiscalled pragmatics.（语用学）¢ Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetosocietyiscalled socio-linguistics.（社会语言学）¢ Thestudyo

4、flanguagewithreferencetotheworkingofmindiscalledpsycho-linguistics.（心理语言学）¢Thestudyofapplications(astherecoveryofspeechability)isgenerallyknownas appliedlinguistics.（应用语言学）¢Butinanarrowsense,appliedlinguisticsreferstotheapplicationoflinguisticprinciplesandtheoriestolanguageteachingandlearning,

5、especiallytheteachingofforeignandsecondlanguage.¢Otherrelatedbranchesinclude anthropologicallinguistics,（人类语言学） neurologicallinguistics,（神经语言学） mathematicallinguistics,（数字语言学）and computationallinguistics.（计算机语言学）3/Someimportantdistinctionsinlinguistics¢语言学研究中的几对基本概念Prescriptiveanddescriptive¢描

6、写与规定支持网站持续免费提供试题，收藏本网各分站网址请到【www.SteZk.net】。。谢谢！-37-甘肃考试网【 www.Stegs.netwww.BceR.cn】 QQ交流群:35167222各类考试历年试题答案免费直接下载¢Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe descriptive,ifitaimstolaydownrulestotellpeoplewhattheyshouldsayandwhattheyshouldnotsay,itissaidtob

7、e prescriptive.¢Modernlinguisticsdiffersfromtraditionalgrammar.¢Traditionalgrammarisprescriptivewhilemodernlinguisticsisdescriptive.¢Thetaskoflinguistsissupposedtodescribethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,whetheritis“correct”ornot.Synchronic