员工福利与公共政策【外文翻译】

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1、外文文献翻译译文原文：EmployeeBenefitsandPublicPolicyRichardW.HumphreysINTRODUCTIONAnimportantissueinthefieldofemployeeresponsibilitiesandrightsiswhetherthesemattersarebestdealtwithbynationalpolicy(asinthecasesofcollectivebargainingandsocialsecurity),subnationaldetermination(asinthecases

2、ofprivatehealthcareinsuranceandpensions),oracombinationofthetwo.IntheUnitedStates,thevarietyofpublicandprivateapproachestoarrangementsforemployeeresponsibilitiesandrightscallsfortheircarefulscrutinytodetermineiftheresulting"system"is(1)adequateforconservinghumanresourcesinanec

3、onomicsenseand(2)equitableintermsofsharinginthereturnstoproduction.Thethesisofthisarticleisthatnationalgoalsregardingprivatelysponsoredretirementandgroupinsuranceprogramshavenotbeenmetandarenotlikelytobemetwiththeinstitutionalapparatuscurrentlyinuse.Itissuggestedthatwhenrevenu

4、elegislation,regulatorylegislation,andminimumstandardslegislationisconsidered,theinescapableconclusionisthatuniversalprovisionofemployment-basedretirementandgroupinsurancebenefitsisanationalgoal.Anobviousmeasureofthefailuretoattainthisgoalisthenumberofmembersofthelaborforcewho

5、arenotcoveredbyprivatelysponsoredretirementandgroupinsurancebenefits,afterthree-quartersofacenturyoflegislativeencouragement.Alessobviousbutnonethelessequallyinformingmeasureistheextenttowhichmembersofthelaborforcewhoarecoveredbyprivatelysponsoredbenefitprogramsareexposedtothe

6、lossand/orreductionofandterminationofthosebenefitsthroughouttheirworkingcareers.Thisexaminationofnationalemployeebenefitsgoalsisoccasionedbytheevidencethatourcapacitytoachievefurtherprivatesectorbenefitscoveragethroughtaxexpendituresandregulatorylegislationhasbeenexhausted,byt

7、heevidencethatvirtuallyalloflaborforcegrowthwilloccurinsectorsthatrarelysponsoremployeebenefitprograms,andbythegrowingrecognitionthatthereisanapproachingcrisiswithrespecttothefinancingofprivatelysponsoredhealthcarebenefits.OVERVIEWEmployeebenefitsaccountforasubstantialandgrowi

8、ngportionofcompensation.Dependingonwhatiscountedandhowitiscou