the second language curriculum in the new millenium

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1、--------------------------------------------精品文档Word可编辑值得收藏------------------------------------------------TheSecondLanguageCurriculumintheNewMilleniumTheSecondLanguageCurriculumintheNewMilleniumDavidNunanThisisapaperthatwaspresentedattheFéderationInternationaledesProfesseursdesLanguesViv

2、antes(FIPLV),Paris,France,July2000.Inthispaper,Iwanttodotwothings.Firstly,IwanttolookbackatthetrendsandissuesthathavestartedtochangethefaceofsecondlanguagecurriculaandwhichIbelievewillhaveanimportantimpactoverthenextfewyears.Secondly,Iwanttohighlightsomeemergingtrendsthatwill,Ibelieve,bec

3、entraltoourpedagogicalendeavorsasweheadintothe21stcentury.1.Whatis“curriculum”?Curriculumisalargemessyconceptthatcanbelookedatinanumberofways.Averybroaddefinitionisthatitincludesalloftheplannedlearningexperiencesofaneducationalsystem.Iliketodrawadistinctionbetweentheplannedcurriculum,thei

4、mplementedcurriculum,15----------------------------------------------------精品文档值得收藏-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------精品文档Word可编辑值得收藏------------------------------------------------andtherealizedcurriculum.Theplannedcurri

5、culumincludeseverythingthatisdonepriortothedeliveryofinstruction.Theimplementedcurriculumreferstowhathappensinthemoment-by-momentrealitiesoftheclassroom.Therealizedcurriculumreferstotheskillsandknowledgethatlearnersactuallyacquireasaresultofinstruction.Recently,itwasassumedthatthesethreed

6、imensionswouldbeisomorphic.2.PhilosophicalandpracticalshiftsTherehavebeenmanytrendsinlanguagecurriculumdevelopmentoverthelastthirtyyears.Someofthesehave“takenroot”,andsomehavenot.Forexample,the“methods”movement-thesearchfortheonebestmethod,wouldseemtobewellandtrulydead.Here,Iwouldliketohi

7、ghlightonephilosophicalshiftthathastakenroot,andthatishavingaprofoundeffectonallaspectsofthecurriculum.Thisisashiftfromtransmissionmodelofeducationtoanexperientialmodel.Proponentsofanexperientialphilosophybelievethatthefunctionofaneducationalsystemistocreatethecondi