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1、MorphologyofAggregatesVI.EffectiveVolumeofAggregatesofCarbonBlackfromElectronMicroscopy;ApplicationtoVehicleAbsorptionandtoDieSwellofFilledRubberI,2AVROMI.MEDALIACabotCorporation,Billerica,Massachusetts01821ReceivedJune9,1969;acceptedAugust19,1969Absorptionofoilordibutylphth
2、alate(DBP)tothecriticalpigmentvolumeendpointisameasureofthe"structure"ofcarbonblack;i.e.,theaveragenumber(Nv)ofparticlesfusedtogetherperaggregate.ThisisshowntobeduetoanincreaseintheeffectiveporosityoftheaggregateswithincreasingNp.Inaquantitativetreatment,thevolumeofsolidinan
3、aggregateiscomputedfromtheparticlesizeandproiectedarea(asmeasuredwiththeelectronmicroscope),withtheuseofarelationbasedonfloesimulation.Thepackingvolumeofanaggregateattheendpointistakenheu-risticallyasequivalenttothatofasphereofthesameprojectedarea;actually,there-sultsindicat
4、easmall(8.5%)reductioninthediameteroftheequivalentsphere.Dueallowanceismadeforinterpartielefusion,forthevoidvolumebetweenaggregates,andfortheanisometryofaggregates.Thevoidvolumecalculatedfromelectronmicro-scopicdataisingoodagreementwiththeexperimentallymeasuredDBPabsorption,
5、foreightcarbonblacksofvarious"structure"levelsandparticlesizes.Thistreat-mentpermitscalculationoftheeffectivevolumeofcarbonblackaggregatesinothersystemsofarbitraryconcentrationfromtheDBPabsorptionvalues;inparticular,theeffectofcarbonblackonthedieswellofrubberisshowntoberelat
6、edtothevol-umeoftheequivalentspheres.INTRODUCTIONstrumentalmeasurementofDBP(dibutylOneofthemostimportantpropertiesofphthalate)absorptionbymeansofthecarbonblackiswhatislooselyreferredtoCabotAbsorptometer,whichhasbecomeas"structure"--aratherpoorlydefinedtheacceptedtestmethodfo
7、rcarbonblackterm,introducedin1944(i),whichhasstructureintheindustry.remainedwiththecarbonblackandrubberIthasgenerallybeenbelievedthatstruc-industriesbecauseitexpressescertaintypestureisrelatedtothesize,shape,andpack-ofbehavior.Highstructureblacksgiveingtendencyoftheaggregate
8、sofcarbonhighmodulusofvulcanizedrubber,lowblack.Theseaggregatesarebelievedt
