Basic structure of computers-II.pdf

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1、SFTW230:SystemsandNetworksIComputerOrganizationTopicscovered:Chapter1.BasicStructureofComputersDr.WUWenFST,UMOutlineVßThebasicstructureofcomputersVßBasicoperationalconceptsandbasicinstructionexecutionVßBusstructuresVßPerformanceVßDevelopmentofcomputer11.3BasicoperationalconceptsßC

2、onnectionbetweentheprocessorMemoryAddressRegister:andthememory.AddressofthememoryAddLOCA,R0locationtobeaccessedMemoryProgramCounter:MemoryDataRegister:AddressofthenextDatatobewrittenintoorinstructiontobefetchedreadoutofthecurrentandexecuted.addressedlocationMARMDRControlPCR0Genera

3、lpurposeR1registersIRInstructionRegister:ALUR(n-1)InstructionthatiscurrentlybeingProcessorexecuted2Basicoperationalconcepts-TypicalOperationStepsAddLOCA,R01.Theprogramisinputand1.storedintothememory.4.aReadcontrolsignalissenttothe2.Settheaddressofmemoryforreadingthethefirstinstruc

4、tionofinstruction;theprogramtothePC4.5.3.ThecontentsofthePCaretransferredtotheMAR;3.2.5.Theinstructionis6.readoutofmemoryandloadedintotheMDR;6.ThecontentsoftheMDRaretransferredtoIR;Theinstructionisreadytobedecodedandexecuted3Basicoperationalconcepts-TypicalOperationStepsßIfanopera

5、ndinmemoryisrequired,itshouldbefetchedinthesamewayasaboveinsteps3)-5)toreadthedatainMDR,thentransferredtoaregisterordirectlytoALUforexecution;AddLOCA,R04.aReadcontrol3.Thecontentsofthe4.signalissenttothePCaretransferredtomemoryforreadingthetheMAR;5.data;3.5.Theinstructionisreadout

6、ofmemoryandloadedintotheMDR;4Basicoperationalconcepts-TypicalOperationStepsßIftheresultistobestoredinthememory,then©theresultissenttoMDR©theaddressoftheresulttobestoredissenttotheMAR©aWritecontrolsignalisinitializedforthestorage;aWritecontrolsignalisinitialized;5Basicoperationalco

7、ncepts-TypicalOperationStepsßGotonextinstruction©thecontentsofthePCaremodifiedinpointingtothenextinstruction.AddLOCA,R0MoveLOCB,R1MoveLOCC,R2…61.4Busstructures•Foracomputertoachieveitsoperation,thefunctionalunitsneedtocommunicatewitheachother.•Bus:toprovideadatapathbetweenCPUandot

8、herdevices.InputOutputMemoryProce