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1、DISPOSITIONSWheneverwetrytoexplainwhythingshappenastheydo,wefindourselvesappealingtothepowersordispositionsobjectshave.Dispositionsarecentraltoourunderstandingoftheworld:weprotectthingsthatarefragileandvaluable;weavoidthingsthatarepoisonous;andweadmireandvaluepeop
2、lefortheircharactertraits.Butdispositionshavemanypuzzlingaspectswhichconcernphilosophers.Dispositionsarerealpropertiesofobjects—thefragilityofawindowisarealpropertyofthewindow—butatthesametime,dispositionsaredescribedintermsofthingsthatwouldandmighthappeninfuturem
3、anifestationsofthedispositions.Tosayawindowisfragileistosaythatitwouldbreakifitwerestruck,notthatithasbrokenorthatitisbreaking.Awindowcanbefragilewithouteverbreaking.Inwhatway,then,canthedispositionbearealpropertyoftheobject?Howcananobjectgenuinelyhaveadisposition
4、ifitnevermanifestsit?Threeeminentphilosophers,D.M.Armstrong,C.B.MartinandU.T.Place,eachrevealtheirowndistinctiveaccountofthenatureofdispositions.Theseideasextendtootherissuessuchasthenatureofmind,matter,universals,existence,lawsofnatureandcausation.Theauthors:D.M.
5、ArmstrongisEmeritusProfessorofPhilosophyatSydneyUniversity.C.B.MartinisProfessorofPhilosophyattheUniversityofCalgary.U.T.PlaceisHonoraryLecturerintheDepartmentofPhilosophyattheUniversityofLeedsandintheDepartmentofPsychologyattheUniversityofWales,Bangor.Theeditor:T
6、imCraneisLecturerinPhilosophyatUniversityCollegeLondon.INTERNATIONALLIBRARYOFPHILOSOPHYEditedbyTimCraneandJonathanWolffUniversityCollegeLondonThehistoryoftheInternationalLibraryofPhilosophycanbetracedbacktothe1920s,whenC.K.OgdenlaunchedtheserieswithG.E.Moore’sPhil
7、osophicalPapersandsoonafterpublishedLudwigWittgenstein’sTractatusLogico-Philosophicus.Sinceitsauspiciousstart,ithaspublishedthefinestworkinphilosophyunderthesuccessiveeditorshipsofA.J.Ayer,BernardWilliamsandTedHonderich.NowjointlyeditedbyTimCraneandJonathanWolff,t
8、heI.L.Pwillcontinuetopublishworksattheforefrontofphilosophicalresearch.OthertitlesintheI.L.P.include:PSYCHOLOGYFROMANEMPIRICALSTANDPOINT,SECONDEDITIONWi
