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1、直接引语和间接引语用法及练习概念引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：Johnsaid,"I'mgoingtoLondonwithmyfather."JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：1．直接引语是陈述句间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say,tell,repeat,explai
2、n,think等。Hesaid,"YouareyoungerthanI."-'Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.2.直接引语是疑问句间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say改为ask,或改为wonder,donotknow,wanttoknow,benotsure,bepuzzled等。（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句。Shesaid,"Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspapers?"→Sheaskedmeif(
3、或whether)Ioftenwenttheretoreadnewspapers.Sheaskedme,"Youhaveseenthefilm,haven'tyou?"→Sheaskedmewhether(或if)Ihadseenthefilm.（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or宾语从句。Iaskedhim,"Willyoustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?"→Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.
4、(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。Heasked,"Wheredoyoulive?"→HeaskedmewhereIlived.3.直接引语是祈使句时间接引语为不定式，作ask,tell,beg,order,warn,advise等动词的宾语补足语（don't变为not）.Theteachersaidtotheboy,"Openthewindow."→Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.Hisfathersaidtohim,"Don'tleavet
5、hedooropen."→Hisfathertoldhimnottoleavethedooropen.[注意]（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest,insist等动词加以转述。例如：Hesaid,"Let'sgotothetheatre."→Hesuggested(our)goingtothetheatre.或Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothe4theatre.(2)"Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?"heaske
6、d.→Heaskedmetoopenthewindow."Whydon'tyoutakeawalkaftersupper?"heasked.→headvisedmetotakeawalkaftersupper."Shallwelistentothemusic?"heasked.→Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic.4.直接引语是感叹句时间接引语为what或how引导，也可以用that引导。Shesaid,"Whatalovelydayitis!"→Shesaidwhatal
7、ovelydayitwas.或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：（1）一般现在时——一般过去时（2）现在进行时——过去进行时（3）一般将来时——过去将来时（4）现在完成时——过去完成时（5）一般过去时——过去完成时（6）过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时怎么用“三、三、一”概括上面的语法点？注意（1）如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引
8、语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：Theteachersaid"Theearthgoesroundthesun."→Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.（2）如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如：Hesaidtome,"Iwasbornin1973."→Hetoldmethathewasbornin1973.(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，
