Geochemical Kinetics (2008) .pdf

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1、GeochemicalKineticsGeochemicalKineticsYouxueZhangPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSPRINCETONANDOXFORDCopyrightÓ2008byPrincetonUniversityPressPublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet,Woodstock,Oxfordshir

2、eOX201TWAllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataZhang,Youxue,1957Geochemicalkinetics/YouxueZhang.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN-13:978-0-691-12432-2(hardcover:alk.paper)ISBN-10:0-691-12432-9(alk.paper)1.ChemicalkineticsTextbooks.2.Geochemistr

3、yTextbooks.I.Title.QE515.5.K55Z432008551.9dc222008062105BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableThisbookhasbeencomposedinITCStoneSerifandITCStoneSansPrintedonacid-freepaper.?press.princeton.eduPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321ContentsListofFiguresxiListofTables

4、xviiPrefacexixNotationxxiiPhysicalConstantsxxv1IntroductionandOverview11.1ThermodynamicsversusKinetics31.2ChemicalKineticsversusGeochemicalKinetics61.3KineticsofHomogeneousReactions71.3.1Reactionprogressparameterx111.3.2Elementaryversusoverallreactions121.3.3Molecularityofareaction131.

5、3.4Reactionratelaw,rateconstant,andorderofareaction141.3.5Concentrationevolutionforreactionsofdifferentorders191.3.6Dependenceofreactionrateconstantontemperature;Arrheniusequation251.3.7Nonisothermalreactionkinetics291.3.8Morecomplicatedhomogeneousreactions311.3.9Determinationofreactio

6、nratelaws,rateconstants,andmechanisms32viCONTENTS1.4MassandHeatTransfer361.4.1Diffusion371.4.2Convection461.5KineticsofHeterogeneousReactions471.5.1Controllingfactorsandreactionlaws481.5.2Stepsinheterogeneousreactions551.6TemperatureandPressureEffectonReactionRateCoefÞcientsandDiffusi

7、vities581.6.1Collisiontheory591.6.2Transitionstatetheory611.7InverseProblems661.7.1Reactionsanddiffusionduringcooling661.7.2Geochronology,closureage,andthermochronology711.7.3Geothermometry,apparentequilibriumtemperature,andgeospeedometry771.7.4Geospeedometryusingexchangereactionsbet