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1、不定式、分词、独立主格结构动词不定式1不定式作宾语1)动词+不定式afford,aim,appear,agree,arrange,ask,be,decide,bother,care,choose,come,dare,demand,desire,determine,expect,elect,endeavor,hope,fail,happen,help,hesitate,learn,long,mean,manage,offer,ought,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,wait,wish,undertakeeg：The
2、driverfailedtoseetheothercarintime. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。2)动词+不定式；动词+宾语+不定式ask,beg,choose,expect,hate,helpintendlike,love,needprefer,prepare,promise,want,wishIliketokeepeverythingtidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。Ilikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。Iwan
3、ttospeaktoTom. 我想和汤姆谈话。IwantyoutospeaktoTom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。3)动词+疑问词+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tell Pleaseshowushowtodothat.请演示给我们如何去做。Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种
4、。注意疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。如：Thequestionishowtoputitintopractice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施。2.不定式作补语1)动词+宾语+不定式(todo)advise,allow,appoint,believe,cause,challenge,command,compel,consider,declare,drive,enable,encourage,find,forbid,force,guess,hire,imagine,impel,induce,inform,instruct,invite,judge,know,like,o
5、rder,permit,persuade,remind,report,request,require,select,send,state,suppose,tell,think,train,trust,understand,urge,warna.Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。b.Webelievehimtobeguilty.我们相信他是有罪的。Find的特殊用法Find后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。Ifound
6、himlyingontheground.Ifounditimportanttolearn.IfoundthattolearnEnglishisimportant.典型例题Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed，dead. A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying 答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。2)to+be的不定式结构，作补语的动词。acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(声称),discov
7、er,fancy(设想),feel,find, guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see(理解),show,suppose,take(以为),understandWeconsiderTomtobeoneofthebeststudentsinourclass.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。典型例题CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered ___thefirstcomputer. A.toinvent B.inventing C.tohavein
