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1、运筹学OperationsResearch17InventoryTheoryInventorynecessityKeepinganinventory(stockofgoods)forfuturesaleoruseisverycommoninbusiness.Retailfirms,wholesalers,manufacturingcompanies—andevenbloodbanks—generallyhaveastockofgoodsonhand.江西财经大学信息管理学院©2006SchoolofInformationTechnology
2、,JiangXiUniversityofFinance&Economics©20061运筹学OperationsResearch17InventoryTheoryHowdoessuchafacilitydecideuponits“inventorypolicy,”i.e.,itspolicyforwhentoreplenishinventoryandbyhowmuch?Proceduresofinventorydecision-making¾Formulateamathematicalmodeldescribingthebehaviorof
3、theinventorysystem.¾Deriveanoptimalinventorypolicywithrespecttothismodel.¾FrequentlyuseacomputertomaintainarecordoftheInventorylevelsandtosignalwhenandhowmuchtoreplenish.江西财经大学信息管理学院©2006SchoolofInformationTechnology,JiangXiUniversityofFinance&Economics©20062运筹学OperationsR
4、esearch17InventoryTheoryMaincontentsinchapter17¾Sec.17.1theexampleispresentedS¾Sec.17.2developmentandanalysisofdeterministicSinventorymodels,i.e.,modelswherethefuturedemandisassumedtobeknown.¾Sec.17.3developmentandanalysisofstochasticmodelswherethisdemandisarandomvariable.
5、江西财经大学信息管理学院©2006SchoolofInformationTechnology,JiangXiUniversityofFinance&Economics©20063运筹学OperationsResearch17InventoryTheory17.1ExampleWepresentoneexampleincontext(amanufacturer)whereaninventorypolicyneedstobedeveloped.Example:ManufacturingSpeakersforTVSetsAtelevisionma
6、nufacturingcompanyproducesitsownspeakers,whichareusedintheproductionofitstelevisionsets.Thetelevisionsetsareassembledonacontinuousproductionlineatarateof8,000permonth,withonespeakerneededperset.江西财经大学信息管理学院©2006SchoolofInformationTechnology,JiangXiUniversityofFinance&Econo
7、mics©20064运筹学OperationsResearch17.1ExampleThecompanyisinterestedindeterminingwhentoproduceabatchofspeakersandhowmanyspeakerstoproduceineachbatch.Severalcostsmustbeconsidered:1.Eachtimea2.Theunitproductioncostofabatchisproduced,asinglespeaker(excludingthesetupcost)setupcost
8、of$12,000is$10,independentofthebatchsizeisincurred.produced.3.Theestimated4.Shortagecosto
