15 queuing theorynew

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1、运筹学OperationsResearch15QueuingTheory¾PrototypeExample¾BasicStructureofQueuingModels¾TheroleoftheExponentialDistribution¾Thebirth-and-deathProcess¾QueueingQueueingModelBasedontheBirthModelBasedontheBirth--andand--DeathProcessDeathProcess江西财经大学信息管理学院©20

2、06SchoolofInformationTechnology,JiangXiUniversityofFinance&Economics©20061运筹学OperationsResearch15QueuingTheory15.1PrototypeExampleTheemergencyroomofcountyhospitalprovidesquickmedicalcareforemergencycasesbroughttothehospitalbyambulanceorprivateautomobi

3、le.Atanyhourthereisalwaysonedoctorondutyintheemergencyroom.However,becauseofagrowingtendencyforemergencycasestousethesefacilitiesratherthangotoaprivatephysician,thehospitalhasbeenexperiencingacontinuingincreaseinthenumberifemergencyroomvisitseachyear.

4、Asaresult,ithasbecomequitecommonforpatientsarrivingduringpeakusagehours(theearlyevening)tohavetowaituntilitistheirturntobetreatedbythedoctor.江西财经大学信息管理学院©2006SchoolofInformationTechnology,JiangXiUniversityofFinance&Economics©20062运筹学OperationsResearch

5、15.1PrototypeExampleTherefore,aproposalhasbeenmadethataseconddoctorshouldbeassignedtotheemergencyroomduringthesehours,sothattwoemergencycasescanbetreatedsimultaneously.Thehospital’smanagementengineerhasbeenassignedtostudythisquestion.Themanagementengi

6、neerbeganbygatheringtherelevanthistoricaldataandthenprojectingthesedataintothenextyear.Recognizingthattheemergencyroomisaqueuingsystem,sheappliedseveralalternativequeuingtheorymodelstopredictthewaitingcharacteristicsofthesystemwithonedoctorandwithtwod

7、octors,asyouwillseeinthelattersectionsofthischapter.江西财经大学信息管理学院©2006SchoolofInformationTechnology,JiangXiUniversityofFinance&Economics©20063运筹学OperationsResearch15QueuingTheory15.2BasicStructureofQueuingModelsThebasicQueuingProcessThebasicprocessassu

8、medbymostqueuingmodelsisthefollowing.Customersrequiringservicearegeneratedovertimebyaninputsource.ThesecustomersenterthequeuingsystemAndjoinaqueue.Atcertaintimes,memberofthequeueisselectedforservicebysomeruleknownasthequeuediscipline.Therequir