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1、HIGHALTITUDEMEDICINE&BIOLOGYVolume4,Number3,2003©MaryAnnLiebert,Inc.EffectsofHypoxiaontheCircadianPatternsinMenGERARDOBOSCO,1ALESSANDROIONADI,1SAVERIOPANICO,2FABIOFARALLI,2RICCARDOGAGLIARDI,2PIERGIORGIODATA,1andJACOPOP.MORTOLA3ABSTRACTBosco,Gerardo,Alessa
2、ndroIonadi,SaverioPanico,FabioFaralli,RiccardoGagliardi,Piergior-gioData,andJacopoP.Mortola.Effectsofhypoxiaonthecircadianpatternsinmen.HighAltMedBiol4:305–318,2003.—Wetestedthehypothesisthatacutehypoxiamayalterthecircadianpatternofbodytemperatureinadulth
3、umans.Sixhealthysubjectswerestudiedinnormoxia,hypoxia(,13%inspiredO2),andagainnormoxia,eachsessionlasting.24handspacedafewdaysapart,withaconstantroutineprotocolofsustainedwakefulnessandminimalactivity.Someparameters(e.g.,tympanicandabdominaltemperatures,h
4、eartrate)wererecordedcontinuously;others(e.g.,oxygenconsumptionandpulmonaryventilation)weremonitoredfor,10minevery2h.Theamplitudesofthecircadianoscillationoftympanic,abdominal,andcalfskintempera-tureswerereducedinhypoxia,averaging,respectively,61%,80%and5
5、0%ofthenormoxicam-plitude.Oxygenconsumptionandpulmonaryventilation,whichpresentedacircadianpatterninnormoxia,hadnolongersignificantoscillationsduringhypoxia,whereastheoppositewasthecaseforheartrateanddiastolicpressure.Therefore,acutehypoxiacandisturbtheno
6、rmalcircadianpatternsand,specifically,depressthoseofbodytemperature.Theseeffects,qualita-tivelysimilartothoseobservedinchronicallyhypoxicanimalsandhumans,couldcontributetosleepdisturbancesathighaltitude.KeyWords:bodytemperature;circadianrhythms;controlofb
7、reathing;dailypatterns;ther-moregulation;highaltitudeINTRODUCTIONperature(Dupreetal.,1988;GordonandFo-gelson,1991;MortolaandFeher,1998).DatainNBOTHADULTANDNEWBORNmammals,acutehumansarelessabundant,althoughitisIhypoxiadecreasesoxygenconsumptionandknownthat
8、themetabolicresponsetocoldisbluntsshiveringandnonshiveringthermogen-depressedinmenlivingathighaltitude(Blat-esis(MortolaandGautier,1995).Inaddition,teisandLutherer,1976)andininfantsbornathypoxialowersthesetpointofth
