teleportation and the quantum internetnew

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1、InfrastructurefortheQuantumInternet∗†SethLloyd,JeffreyH.Shapiro,PremKumar,SelimM.Shahriar,andFrancoN.C.WongandHoraceP.YuenMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyNorthwesternUniversityResearchLaboratoryofElectronicsDepartmentofElectricaland77MassachusettsAvenueComputerEngineeringCambridge,MA02139Cen

2、terforPhotonicCommunicationandComputing{slloyd@,jhs@,franco@ncw2}.mit.edu2145NorthSheridanRoadEvanston,IL60208{kumarp,shahriar,yuen}@ece.northwestern.eduABSTRACTthecomputationandcommunicationrevolutionthathaveAteamofresearchersfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofcreatedtheInformationAgeweliveintoda

3、y.ButanotherTechnology(MIT)andNorthwesternUniversity(NU)isde-revolutionmaybeintheoffing,onethatcouldbringusintovelopingasystemforlong-distance,high-fidelityqubittele-theQuantumInformationAge.portation.SuchasystemwillberequirediffuturequantumcomputersaretobelinkedtogetherintoaquantumInter-Thedigit

4、alabstraction,onwhichmoderncomputationandnet.ThispaperpresentsrecentprogressthattheMIT/NUcommunicationrests,admitstoonlytwopossiblestates:ateamhasmade,beginningwithareviewoftheteleportationclassicalon-offsystemmustbeineitherstate0orstatearchitectureanditsloss-limitedperformanceanalysis.1,repres

5、entingasinglebitofinformation.Quantumme-chanicsisquitedifferent.Atwo-levelquantumsystem—theCategoriesandSubjectDescriptorsreaderunfamiliarwithbasicquantummechanicsshouldcon-B.4.3[Input/OutputandDataCommunications]:In-sulttheAppendixforaquickreviewofallthatisneededterconnection(Subsystems);C.2.1

6、[ComputerCommu-tounderstandthispaper—canbecharacterizedbytwoor-nicationNetworks]:NetworkArchitectureandDesign;thogonalbasisstates(vectorsinaHilbertspace)

7、0iand

8、1i.C.2.5[ComputerCommunicationNetworks]:LocalThesystemitself,however,maybeinanarbitrarysuper-andWide-AreaNetworkspositionofthesetwosta

9、tes,α

10、0i+β

11、1i,whereαandβarecomplexnumbersthatsatisfythenormalizationcondition22Keywords

12、α

13、+

14、β

15、=1.Sucharbitrarysuperpositionsrepresentasinglequantumbitofinformation,i.e.,aqubit.Quantumcommunication,teleportation,qubits,entangle-ment,quan