Assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus environmental pressure at European scale.pdf

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1、AssessmentofNitrogenandPhosphorusEnvironmentalPressureatEuropeanScaleBrunaGrizzettiandFayçalBouraouiInstituteforEnvironmentandSustainabilityRural,WaterandEcosystemResourcesUnit2006EUR22526ENTableofcontentTableofcontent1.Introduction...............................................................

2、..............32.Methodology.............................................................................52.1MODELSTRUCTURE.............................................................................................52.2OPTIMISATIONMETHOD.........................................................

3、..............................82.3ANALYSISOFMODELRESULTS.............................................................................92.4UNCERTAINTYOFMODELPARAMETERS.............................................................113.NutrientinputsatEUscale..........................................

4、........143.1PHYSICALCHARACTERISTICS.............................................................................143.2NITROGENANDPHOSPHORUSSOURCES.............................................................15Pointsources..........................................................................

5、.............................16Diffusesources...................................................................................................274.ModelapplicationinlargeEuropeanriverbasins.............304.1DATAAVAILABILITYFORMODELCALIBRATION................................................314.

6、2RIVERBASINDISCRETISATION...........................................................................344.3MODELCALIBRATIONANDVALIDATION............................................................365.AnalysisofpressureinlargeEuropeanriverbasins.........415.1SOURCEAPPORTIONMENT....................

7、..............................................................445.2DIFFUSEEMISSIONS...........................................................................................485.3RETENTION..........................................