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1、EfficientInternetTrafficDeliveryoverWirelessNetworksRamiG.Mukhtar,StephenV.HanlyandLachlanL.H.AndrewJune16,2003AbstractThehighdemandforwirelessInternetconnectivityhasdriventhede-velopmentofhighlyefficientradiolinktechnologies.However,theirper-formancecanbecompromisedbyinadvertentinteraction
2、swiththehigherlayerTCPflowcontrolprotocol.Ifwearetomaximizetheperformanceofwirelesslinks,thenwemustensurethatmechanismsoperatingateverylayeroftheprotocolstackinteractefficiently.Inthisarticleweprovideabrieftutorialofsomeoftheseradiolinkenhancements.Wethenoutlinehowhigherlayerflowcontrolprot
3、ocolsshouldbehave,andoutlinetech-niquesfortamingthebehaviorofTCP,toensurethattheperformanceoflowerlayerenhancementsarenotcompromised.1IntroductionRandomnessisaninherentcharacteristicofwirelesscommunications.Itisafeaturethatstemsfromacombinationofphysicalphenomena,includingspecularreflecti
4、ons,andmultipleradiopropagationpathstothereceiver.Duetothemobilityofusersand/orotherobjectsintheirvicinity,thesephe-nomenawillinducetimevariationsinthequalityofthechannelbetweentransceivers,whichisoftenreferredtoasfading.Agreatdealofwirelessresearchisfocussedonmitigatingtheseeffects.Inde
5、ed,enormousprogresshasbeenachievedoverthepast50yearsinthisarea,exploitingtechniquesfromcoding,signalprocessingandinformationtheory.Modernwirelesscellulartelephonyisbuiltupontheseadvances.ThedemandforwirelessInternetaccessisgrowing,andnewperfor-mancerequirementsareemerging.Distinctfromthe
6、fixedbandwidthandlatencyrequirementsoftraditionalvoicetraffic,themajorityofInternettraf-ficiselastic.ElastictrafficisabroadclassthatencompassesmanyofthemostpopularapplicationsusedontheInternettoday,includingtheWorld1Figure1:OverviewoftheInternetStackArchitecture.WideWeb(WWW),FileTransferProt
7、ocol(FTP),Peer-to-PeerclientsandElectronicMail.Incontrasttovoicetraffic,thereisaparamountobjectiveforelastictraffic:minimizationofthetotalfiletransmissiontime.Formanyapplications,includingtheWWW,latencyisstillanimportantissue,butthereisnolongerahardconstraintonlatency,asther