Increased prefrontal and parietal activity after training of working memory.pdf

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1、ARTICLESIncreasedprefrontalandparietalactivityaftertrainingofworkingmemoryPernilleJOlesen,HelenaWesterberg&TorkelKlingbergWorkingmemorycapacityhastraditionallybeenthoughttobeconstant.Recentstudies,however,suggestthatworkingmemorycanbeimprovedbytraining.Inthi

2、sstudy,wehaveinvestigatedthechangesinbrainactivitythatareinducedbyworkingmemorytraining.Twoexperimentswerecarriedoutinwhichhealthy,adulthumansubjectspracticedworkingmemorytasksfor5weeks.Brainactivitywasmeasuredwithfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)befo

3、re,duringandaftertraining.Aftertraining,brainactivitythatwasrelatedtoworkingmemoryincreasedinthemiddlefrontalgyrusandsuperiorandinferiorparietalcortices.Thechangesincorticalactivitycouldbeevidenceoftraining-inducedplasticityintheneuralsystemsthatunderliework

4、ingmemory.WorkingmemoryistheabilitytoretaininformationduringshortWereportdatafromtwoimagingexperimentsofadultsubjectshttp://www.nature.com/natureneuroscienceperiodsoftime.Themaximumamountofinformationthataper-undertakingtrainingofworkingmemory.soncanretainin

5、hisorherworkingmemory—theworkingmem-InExperiment1,threesubjectspracticedthreeworkingmemoryorycapacity—isanimportantfactorfordeterminingproblemtasksfor5weeks.BrainactivitywasmeasuredwithfMRItwicesolvingandreasoningability1–4.Regionsinfrontalandparietalbeforea

6、ndonceaftertrainingandwascomparedusingafixed-corticesareimportantforworkingmemory,andthereisapositiveeffectgroupanalysis.Duringscanning,thesubjectscarriedoutacorrelationbetweenbrainactivityintheseregionsandworkingvisuo-spatialworkingmemorytaskandacontroltask

7、.Increasedmemorycapacity5–9.activityaftertrainingwasobservedinprefrontalandparietalItislargelyunknowntowhatextenttheneuralsystemsthatunder-regions.ToconfirmthepreliminaryfindingsfromExperiment1,lieworkingmemoryareplastic.Onestudyhasindicatedthatwork-wecarrie

8、doutExperiment2,whichincludedeightsubjectswhoingmemorysystemsareaffectedbytraining10.Inthatstudy,werescannedfivetimeseachduringthe5-weektrainingperiod.Wemacaquespracticeddelayed-responsetasksfor