检察机关提起民事公益诉讼诉前程序研究

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1、学校代码10530学号201510070871分类号D925.1密级公开硕士学位论文检察机关提起民事公益诉讼诉前程序研究学位申请人王岩指导教师李喜莲教授学院名称法学院·知识产权学院学科专业法律（法学）研究方向民事法务二零一八年六月五日Prosecutor'sOfficeBringsProceedingsbeforeCivilLitigationinPublicInterestCandidateWangYanSupervisorProfessorLiXiLianCollegeSchoolofLawProgramMasterofLawSpecializationLegalAffairso

2、fCivilDegreeMasterUniversityXiangtanUniversityDateJune5th.2018摘要检察机关提起民事公益诉讼诉前程序以维护国家和社会公共利益为目的，力图发挥调动适格主体积极性、节约司法资源之功能。但试点期间诉前程序的运行现状一再表明，该程序在处理民事公益案件中并未发挥其制度预设的功能。究其原因，主要是试点工作实施办法关于诉前程序的内容规定比较粗疏、诸多具体规定尚不合理。尽管新近出台的司法解释对检察机关提起民事公益诉讼诉前程序进行了一定程度的完善，但该程序在诉前履行督诉的方式、适用对象、回复期限等方面仍存在诸多问题。因此，要使检察机关提起民事

3、公益诉讼诉前程序发挥其应有的功能，应从立法上加强诉前程序的规范性和可操作性，首先应根据民事公益案件的具体情形，设置多元的诉前督诉方式，并灵活规定适格主体是否起诉的回复期限；其次应加强诉前程序与支持起诉制度及检察机关提起民事公益诉讼程序的有效衔接，以发挥检察机关在保护民事公益方面的功能。唯有总结实践经验，完善检察机关提起民事公益诉讼诉前程序的相关立法，才能避免诉前程序沦为一纸空文的窘境。关键词：检察机关；民事公益诉讼；诉前程序IAbstractTheprocuratorialagencyinstitutedaprocedureforthepre-litigationofcivilpub

4、licinterestlitigationforthepurposeofsafeguardingthepublicinterestsofthecountryandsociety,tryingtoexertthefunctionofmobilizingtheenthusiasmoftheappropriatebodyandsavingjudicialresources.However,thestatusquooftheoperationoflawsuitsduringthepilotperiodshowsrepeatedly,theproceduredidnotplayitspre-s

5、etfunctionindealingwithcivilpublicwelfarecases.Thereasonforthisismainlythatthecontentsofthepre-proceedingproceduresintheimplementationmethodsofthepilotworkarerelativelymeticulousandmanyspecificprovisionsarestillunreasonable.Althoughtherecentlyintroducedjudicialinterpretationhasimprovedtheprosec

6、utor'sofficebeforethelawsuitfiledforcivilpublicinterestlitigation,ithasimprovedtheprocedures,however,therearestillmanyproblemsintheproceduresfortheperformanceofthelawsuitbeforethelawsuit,theobjectofapplication,andthetimelimitforreplying.Therefore,tomaketheprocuratorialorgansbringforwardtheproce

7、duresforthecivilpublicinterestlitigationtoplayitsduefunction,itshouldstrengthentheprescriptiveprocedure'snormativenessandoperabilityfromthelegislativeperspective,first,itshouldbebasedonthespecificcircumstancesofcivilpublicwelfarec