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《Alison Wylie， Elizabeth Potter， and Wenda K. Bauchspies Feminist Perspectives on Science.pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、FeministPerspectivesonScienceFirstpublishedWedDec23,2009;substantiverevisionFriFeb12,2010Feministshaveanumberofdistinctinterestsin,andperspectiveson,science.Thetoolsofsciencehavebeenacrucialresourceforunderstandingthenature,impact,andprospectsforchanginggender-basedformsofoppression;inthis
2、spirit,feministsactivelydrawon,andcontributeto,theresearchprogramsofawiderangeofsciences.Atthesametime,feministshaveidentifiedthesciencesasasourceaswellasalocusofgenderinequalities:theinstitutionsofsciencehavealongtraditionofexcludingwomenaspractitioners;feministcriticsofsciencefindthatwom
3、enandgender(or,morebroadly,issuesofconcerntowomenandsex/genderminorities)areroutinelymarginalizedassubjectsofscientificinquiry,oraretreatedinwaysthatreproducegender-normativestereotypes;and,closingthecircle,scientificauthorityhasfrequentlyservedtorationalizethekindsofsocialrolesandinstitut
4、ionsthatfeministscallintoquestion.Feministperspectivesonsciencethereforereflectabroadspectrumofepistemicattitudestowardandappraisalsofscience.Someurgethereformofgenderinequitiesintheinstitutionsofscienceandcallforattentiontoneglectedquestionswiththeaimofimprovingthesciencesintheirownterms;
5、theydonotchallengethestandardsandpracticesofthesciencestheyengage.Otherspursuejointlycriticalandconstructiveprogramsofresearchthat,tovaryingdegrees,aimattransformingthemethodologies,substantivecontent,frameworkassumptions,andepistemicidealsthatanimatethesciences.Thecontentoftheseperspectiv
6、es,andthedegreetowhichtheygeneratetransformativecritique,dependsnotonlyonthetypesofphilosophicalandpoliticalcommitmentsthatinformthembutalsoonthenatureofthesciencesandsubjectdomainsonwhichtheybear.Feministperspectiveshavehadgreatestimpactonsciencesthatdealwithinherentlygenderedsubjects—the
7、socialandhumansciences—and,secondarily,onsciencesthatstudysubjectscharacterizedingenderedterms,metaphoricallyorbyanalogy(projectivelygenderedsubjects),chieflythebiologicalandlifesciences.Feministperspectivesarerelevanttosciencesthatdealwithnon-genderedsubjectm
