real-time video delivery using peer-to-peer bartering networks and multiple description cod

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1、Real-timeVideoDeliveryusingPeer-to-PeerBarteringNetworksandMultipleDescriptionCodingJ.A.PouwelseJ.R.TaalR.L.LagendijkD.H.J.EpemaH.J.SipsDelftUniversityofTechnology,FacultyofElectricalEngineering,MathematicsandComputerScience,Delft,TheNetherlands{j.a.pouwelse,j.r.taal}@ewi.tudelft

2、.nlAbstract–BroadbandInternetaccessusingADSLorca-constructanefficientALMtreewhichusestheunderlyingre-blemodemsprovidessufficientbandwidthforreal-timevideosourcesefficiently.Tosolvethisproblemweproposetomeasurestreaming.Iftelevisionchannelscouldbedistributedonthethepropertiesoftheres

3、ourcesinreal-time.P2P-TVtracksthela-tencies,bandwidths,andpacketlossesonthelinksbetweenP2PInternet,eachchannelwouldgetaworldwideaudience.nodes.Withthisinformation,wecanmodifythemulticasttreetoHowever,televisiondistributionfromasingleserverdoesfullyexploitthecurrentnetworkconditio

4、ns.ThethirdproblemisnotscaleandIP-levelmulticastingiscomplexandcostly.freeriding.FreeridingoccurswhenpeersdonotdonateresourcesWeproposeasolutionbasedonapplication-levelmulticas-totheP2Pnetwork.ThisisamajorthreattoP2Psystems.Byus-tingusingaP2Pnetwork,calledP2P-TV.Eachpeerre-ingbar

5、teringtechniqueswemakeunfairuseoftheP2P-TVsystemceivesavideostreamandmustalsoforwardthisstreamnotworthwhile.toothers.Thispaperpresentsanarchitectureforstream-WiththeadventofP2Pnetworks(Kazaa,eMule,Bittorrent,ingvideo.OurP2P-TVproposalaimstosolvethreeprob-etc),large“overlay”networ

6、kshavebeencreatedwiththousandstomillionsofnodes.TheseoverlaynetworkspotentiallyofferthelemsthatarecurrentlynotaddressedinotherP2PstreaminginfrastructuretoemploywidespreadALMforvideodistribution.proposals,namely1)maximizingtheusageofallavailableIP-levelmulticastwaspromisedtobethes

7、olutionforreal-timepeerbandwidth,2)takingcurrentnetworkconditionsintovideobroadcastingwithmanyclients.ItturnedoutthatIP-levelaccount(networkawareness),and3)theFreeridingprob-multicastisverycomplexandISPsandcablecompanieshesitatelem.MultipleDescriptionCodingisanintegralpartofourto

8、supportIPmulticasting.Insomesense,ALMiss