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1、英译汉UndergroundMiningMethods地下采矿方法RoomandPillarMining房柱米矿法Ramps(inclinedtunnels)areexcavatedtocormectthesurfacetotheundergroundorebody.Drifts(horizontaltunnels)areexcavatedatdifferentelevationstosurroundtheorebody・Next,stopes(tunnelsthathavedirectaccess
2、tominingtheore)areminedtogainaccesstotheore.Alltunnelsareexcavatedbydrillingandblasting.Jumbosareinchargeofdrillingtheholesintherocksandfillingthemwithexplosives.Thelooserock,alsocalledmuck,istransportedbyeitherdumptrucksbackuptothesurfaceforeitherwast
3、edisposalorprocessing.矿体由隧道(斜井)与地表联通。阶段运输巷道分布在矿体的不同水平。接下来,在采场采场开采矿石。所有巷道通过钻孔和爆破的方式开掘的。钻车是用来在岩石上钻研和并将钻孔填装炸药。松动的岩石，也称为废石，由自卸卡车运输至废石场。Asmuckingprogresses,rooms(tunnels)arecutintotheorebody.Inordertoprovidesaferoofsupportformining,pillarsofmaterialaroundth
4、eroomsareleftstandingtoholduptherockceilingabove・Somepartsofthemineroofcanbeparticularlyweakandfragile.Inadditiontopillarsupport,ajumboisthenbroughtbackinforrockboltingoftherooftoensuresafety.随着巷道的掘进，矿体被分割成矿块。为了给采矿作业提供一个安全的顶板，矿房四周留下矿柱来支撑顶板。矿井顶板可以分为一般稳固
5、和极不稳I古1。除了矿柱支撑，钻车可以安装锚杆稳固顶板，以确保安全。Whenalltheoreinthestopeshasbeentransporteduptosurface,somepillarscanberemoved,sincetheystillhavevaluablemineralcontent,whilesomemustbeleftstandingtoprovideactivesupportfortheceiling.Insomeroomandpillarmines,pillarsarea
6、llexcavatedasminingnearscompletion,toallowthenaturalcollapseoftheroof.当采场内所有的矿石被运送至地表时，因为矿柱含有有价值的矿物，有些矿柱可以回收，然而有些矿柱必须保留下来支撑顶板。在一些矿房法采矿的矿山，当矿床开采完时，矿柱全部回收，让顶板自然垮塌。CutandFillStoping充填采矿法Incutandfillstoping,theorebodyisretrievedinhorizontalslicesbeginninga
7、ttheverybottomandadvancingupwardstowardsthesurface・Ramps(inclinedtunnels)areexcavatedtoconnectthesurfacetotheundergroundorebody.Driftsareexcavatedtocomeincontactwiththeoreslices・Theslicesaredrilledusingajumbo,blastedbychargingthedrillholeswithexplosive
8、s,andoreisremovedbyusingdumptrucksorLoadHaulDump(LHD)vehicles.在充填采矿法中，将矿床在水平上分层，自下而上逐步充填。坡道(斜隧道)连接地面挖掘地下矿体。矿体靠斜井与地面联通，在矿床阶段开掘延脉运输大巷。阶段内用凿岩台车钻孔，用爆破掘进法掘进，用自卸卡车或者铲车运输矿岩。Theoreisdumpedintoanorepass,aninclinedtunnelwhereoreistransportedtoalo
