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1、语言迁移对英语教学影响【摘要】在语言学习中，迁移是指母语对目的语或旧的语言知识对新的语言知识的影响。而这种影响又有正面和负面之分，因而也就有所谓的正迁移和负迁移。正迁移会有助于语言学习者更快地理解目的语，而负迁移则会妨碍学习者对目的语的掌握。笔者认为迁移对学习英语的中国学习者来说有很大的影响。因为英汉语属于两种不同的语系，故存在着很大的差异性，但又存在相似性。因此，在两种语言之间进行对比分析有利于英语教学，提高英语教学的质量。【关键词】迁移；正迁移；负迁移；英语教学I.ATheoreticalStudyofLanguage
2、Transfer1.1DefinitionofLanguageTransferLanguagetransferalsocalledcross~linguisticinfluenceanditisoneofthekeyfactorscontributingtolearners，interlanguage・Itsviewisthatthemothertonguehabitsinfluencelearningoftheforeignlanguagehabits.Althoughitwaslaterdiscredited,then
3、otionoftransferhasbeenrevivedagainandremainsoneofthemostfundamentalinforeignlanguageacquisitionresearch(Johnson,2001)・1.2ClassificationofLanguageTransferPositivetransferistransferwhichmakeslearningeasier,andmayoccurwhenboththenativelanguageandthetargetlanguagehave
4、thesameform.Odlin(2001)pointsoutthatthefacilitativeeffectscanonlybeobservedwhenlearnerswithdifferentnativelanguagesarestudiedandlearnercomparisonsarecarriedout・Positivetransferisevidentintherateoflearning(Ellis1994)・I.MakingUseofPositiveTransferinEnglishTeaching1.
5、1MakingUseofPositiveTransferinSpeechSoundMostChinesestudentshavenodifficultyinpronouncingphonemeslike/k/,/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/and/f/aswehavesoundsinChinese・Becauseofthesimilaritiesintheformoflipsandaptnessofmouth,ChinesestudentsofEnglishhavenodifficultyinpronouncingthev
6、owels：/i：/,/u：/and/a：/.Inthepatternofsyllables,therearealsosomesimilarities.Forexample,themono-syllablewordsinEnglishareeasytoread,suchas“are",“I”，asinChinesetherearemono-syllablewords,suchas和(he)、戏(xi).Soifsuchcomparisonismadebetweentheseitemsinteaching,theseitem
7、swillbemoreimpressivetostudents・2.2.IMakingUseofPositiveTransferinVocabularyTheunderstandingofthemeaningofmanyChinesecharactersmayfacilitatestudents，memoryofwordsinEnglish.SointeachingnewwordsinEnglish,teacherscanhelptheirstudentswiththeformationofthesewords.Lotso
8、fEnglishwordsareconstructedwithrootsandaffixes,whichresemblesthebasicstructuralpartsofChinesecharacterssuchas“湖”,“纺”.“V"Plus“胡”is“湖”，and"纟”and“方”is“纺”・B
