In Search of Memory The Emergence of a New Science of Mind.pdf

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1、INSEARCHOFMEMORYTheEmergenceofaNewScienceofMindERICR.KANDELCopyright©2006ISBN0-393-05863-8POURDENISECONTENTSPrefacexiONE1.PersonalMemoryandtheBiologyofMemoryStorage32.AChildhoodinVienna123.AnAmericanEducation33TWO4.OneCellataTime535.TheNerveCellSpeaks746.ConversationBetweenNerveCells907.Simp

2、leandComplexNeuronalSystems1038.DifferentMemories,DifferentBrainRegions1169.SearchingforanIdealSystemtoStudyMemory13510.NeuralAnalogsofLearning150THREE11.StrengtheningSynapticConnections16512.ACenterforNeurobiologyandBehavior18013.EvenaSimpleBehaviorCanBeModifiedbyLearning18714.SynapsesChang

3、ewithExperience19815.TheBiologicalBasisofIndividuality20816.MoleculesandShort-TermMemory22117.Long-TermMemory24018.MemoryGenes24719.ADialogueBetweenGenesandSynapses201FOUR20.AReturntoComplexMemory27921.SynapsesAlsoHoldOurFondestMemories28622.TheBrain'sPictureoftheExternalWorld29523.Attention

4、MustBePaid!307FIVE24.ALittleRedPill31925.Mice,Men,andMentalIllness33526.ANewWaytoTreatMentalIllness35227.BiologyandtheRenaissanceofPsychoanalyticThought36328.Consciousness376SIX29.RediscoveringViennaviaStockholm39330.LearningfromMemory:Prospects416Glossary431NotesandSources453Acknowledgments

5、485Index489PREFACEUnderstandingthehumanmindinbiologicaltermshasemergedasthecentralchallengeforscienceinthetwenty-firstcentury.Wewanttounderstandthebiologicalnatureofperception,learning,memory,thought,consciousness,andthelimitsoffreewill.Thatbiologistswouldbeinapositiontoexplorethesementalpro

6、cesseswasunthinkableevenafewdecadesago.Untilthemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,theideathatmind,themostcomplexsetofprocessesintheuniverse,mightyielditsdeepestsecretstobiologicalanalysis,andperhapsdothisonthemolecularlevel,couldnotbeentertainedseriously.Thedramaticachievementsofbiologyduringthelas

7、tfiftyyearshavenowmadethispossible.ThediscoveryofthestructureofDNAbyJamesWatsonandFrancisCrickin1953revolutionizedbiology,givingitanintellectualframeworkforunderstandinghowinformationfromthegenescontrolsthefunctioningofthecell.Thatdiscoveryledtoaba