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1、Next-generationDigitalEartha,1bcdefcMichaelF.Goodchild,HuadongGuo,AlessandroAnnoni,LingBian,KeesdeBie,FrederickCampbell,MaxCraglia,gehicjManfredEhlers,JohnvanGenderen,DavinaJackson,AnthonyJ.Lewis,MartinoPesaresi,GáborRemetey-Fülöpp,kfblRichardSimpson,AndrewSkidm
2、ore,ChanglinWang,andPeterWoodgateabDepartmentofGeography,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,CA93106;CenterforEarthObservationandDigitalEarth,ChinesecdAcademyofSciences,Beijing100094,China;JointResearchCentreoftheEuropeanCommission,21027Ispra,Italy;Departmentofe
3、Geography,UniversityatBuffalo,StateUniversityofNewYork,Buffalo,NY14261;FacultyofGeo-InformationScienceandEarthfObservation,UniversityofTwente,7500AE,Enschede,TheNetherlands;FredCampbellConsulting,Ottawa,ON,CanadaK2H5G8;ghInstituteforGeoinformaticsandRemoteSensin
4、g,UniversityofOsnabrück,49076Osnabrück,Germany;D_CityNetwork,Newtown2042,ijAustralia;DepartmentofGeographyandAnthropology,LouisianaStateUniversity,BatonRouge,LA70803;HungarianAssociationforklGeo-Information,H-1122,Budapest,Hungary;Nextspace,Auckland1542,NewZeala
5、nd;andCooperativeResearchCenterforSpatialInformation,CarltonSouth3053,AustraliaEditedbyKennethWachter,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,andapprovedMay14,2012(receivedforreviewMarch1,2012)Aspeechofthen-VicePresidentAlGorein1998createdavisionforaDigitalEarth,andp
6、layedaroleinstimulatingthedevelopmentofafirstgenerationofvirtualglobes,typifiedbyGoogleEarth,thatachievedmanybutnotalltheelementsofthisvision.ThetechnicalachievementsofGoogleEarth,andthefunctionalityofthisfirstgenerationofvirtualglobes,arereviewedagainsttheGorevisi
7、on.Meanwhile,developmentsintechnologycontinue,theeraof“bigdata”hasarrived,thegeneralpublicismoreandmoreengagedwithtechnologythroughcitizenscienceandcrowd-sourcing,andadvanceshavebeenmadeinourscientificunderstandingoftheEarthsystem.However,althoughGoogleEarthstimu
8、latedprogressincommunicatingtheresultsofscience,therecontinuetobesubstantialbarriersinthepublic’saccesstoscience.Allthesefactorspromptareexaminationoftheinitialvision
