remote sensing， environmental change.pdf

《remote sensing， environmental change.pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、ProgressinPhysicalGeography26,1(2002)pp.144–151Remotesensing:environmentalchangeDanielN.M.DonoghueDepartmentofGeography,UniversityofDurham,DurhamDH13LE,UKIIntroductionAmongtheadvantagesofsatelliteimageryforgeographicalresearchistheabilitytocaptureinaninstantasynopticviewofalargepartoftheEar

2、th’ssurfaceandtoacquirerepeatedmeasurementsofthesameareaonaregularbasis.ItispreciselythesepropertiesthatmakesatelliteremotesensingsuchanimportantsourceofdataforstudiesofthedynamicsoftheEarth’ssurfaceandatmosphere.InternationalresearchprogrammessuchastheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(

3、IPCC),theInternationalGeosphere–BiosphereProgramme(IGBP),theWorldClimateResearchProgramandtheInternationalHumanDimensionsProgrammeonGlobalEnvironmentalChange(IHDP)makeextensiveuseofsatelliteobservationsbecauseitispossibletoderivequantitativemeasurementsofthedynamicsofmanyatmospheric,oceanog

4、raphicandlandsurfacecharacteristics.HumansarechangingthenaturalrateofcarbonexchangebetweentheEarth’satmosphereandtheterrestrialbiospherethroughlandusechange.Remotesensingcanprovideaneffectivetooltoexaminecarbonstocksandtheirresponsetohumaninterferencethroughdeforestation,refor-estation,affo

5、restationandotherformsoflandusechange.ThesedataarehelpingtoinformtheIPCCtoformulatepolicyresponsestoclimatechange(forexampletheKyotoProtocol)andtomonitorpoliciesintroducedtomitigatetheincreasedlevelsofCOintheEarth’satmosphere.Thefirstpartofthispaperwillreviewthequantifica-2tionoflandcoverdy

6、namics,animportantareaofresearchwherephysicalgeographershavemadesignificantcontributionstoknowledge.Onefocusofremotesensingresearchstrivestoimprovetheprecisionandspecificityofmeasurementmethods,whileanotherequallyimportantdirectionattemptstointerpretandutilizethedataderivedfromremoteobserva

7、tion.Monitoringofrapidlychangingsystemssuchasland–ocean–atmosphereenergyinteractions,oceancirculationoratmosphericozoneisimportantandconsiderabletechnicalinvestmenthasbeenmadeinrecentyearstoimprovetheprecisionandglobalcoverageofsuch©Arnold200210.1191/030