脊柱解剖教学ppt课件

脊柱解剖教学ppt课件

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时间:2019-03-01

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1、脊柱Vertebralcolumn基础医学院人体解剖教研室Thevertebralcolumn脊柱consistsof24vertebrae,thesacrum,andthecoccyx.一、Vertebrae椎骨Thereare33vertebraeinchildren,arrangedasfollows:Cervicalvertebrae颈椎C.7Thoracicvertebrae胸椎T.12Lumbarvertebrae腰椎L.5Sacralvertebrae骶椎S.5sacrum骶骨Coccygealvertebrae尾椎Co.3~4coccyx尾骨Ge

2、neralfeaturesofvertebraeVertebralbody椎体Vertebralarch椎弓pedicleofvertebralarch椎弓根:sup.andinf.Vertebralnotch椎上、下切迹laminaofvertebralarch椎弓板process(7):spinousprocess棘突transverseprocess横突sup.andinf.articularprocesses上、下关节突Vertebralforamen椎孔Vertebralcanal椎管Intervertebralforamen椎间孔Regionalva

3、riationsofvertebraeCervicalvertebraeVertebraeBody:smallVertebralforamen:largerandtriangularSpinousprocesses:shortandbifidinC3toC5,longinC6,andlongerinC7Transverseprocesses:shortandbifid,transverseforamen横突孔Articularprocesses:horizontalAtypicalvertebeaeAtlas寰椎(C1)Bodyandspinousprocess

4、absent,consistsofanteriorandposteriorarches,andtwolateralmassesGrooveforvertebralartery椎动脉沟Axis枢椎(C2):distinguishedbydens齿突whicharticulateswithdentalfoveaofanteriorarchofatlasCarotidtubercle:颈动脉结节:anteriortubercleoftransverseprocessofC6Vertebraprominens隆椎(C7):containslongandnon-bifid

5、spinousprocess,itisvisiblewithneckflexed,usedasclinicallandmarkincountingcervicalandthoracicspinousprocessesThoracicvertebraeVertebraeBody:heart-shape,superiorandinferiorcostalfovea上、下肋凹Vertebralforamen:smaller,rounderSpinousprocesses:long,pointobliquelydownwardTransverseprocesses:tr

6、ansversecostalfovea横突肋凹Articularprocesses:coronalLumbarvertebraeVertebraeBody:larger,kidney-shapeVertebralforamen:largerandtriangularSpinousprocesses:projectshorizontallyTransverseprocesses:longArticularprocesses:sagittalSacrumAnteriorsurface:promontory岬,anteriorsacralforamina骶前孔(fou

7、rpairs)Posteriorsurface:mediansacralcrest骶正中嵴,posteriorsacralforamina(fourpairs),sacralhiatus骶管裂孔,sacralcornu骶角Lateralpart:auricularsurface耳状面,sacraltuberosity骶粗隆二、ArticulationsofVertebrae椎骨的连结JointsofthevertebralbodiesJointsofthevertebralarches1.Jointsofthevertebralbodies椎体间的连结Inter

8、vertebraldis

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