我国大豆疫霉菌遗传多样性的初步分析

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1、PRELIM【NARYANALYSIS0FGENETICDIVERSITYoFPhytophthorasojaeINCHINA·ABSTRACTPhytophthorarootrotofsoybeancausedbyPhytophthorasojaeisadestructivesoilbornedisease，sinceitwasfirstfoundintheNortheastChinain1991，Psojaehasbeengraduallyfoundalloverthecountry,andhasbecomeam

2、ajorthreattosoybeanproduction．Inthisstudy,diseasedsoybeansampleswerecollectedfromXinjiangandNortheastChina．Atotalof179P．sojaisolateswereobtainedandsubjectedgeneticdiversityanalysisusingCAPSandSSRmarkers．Theresultasfollows：1．Atotalof391rootrotsoybeansampleswerec

3、ollectedfromXinjiangandNortheastChina,ofwhich205wereinfectedwinle．$oja．Atotalof137P．sojaewereisolatedfrombothfTeshinfectedtissuesandheavilyinfectedtissuesusingourdevelopedprocedure．Weimprovedtheisolationprocedureandachievedupto31％isolationefficiency．2．Fourmodel

4、PsojaestrainsrepresentingfourmajorgenotypeswereusedtodevelopCAPSandSSRmakersfortheanalysisofthegeneticdiversityofP．sojaepopulations．3．Analysisofthegeneticdiversityof179Psojaestrainsshowedthat，therewere41P．$ojaeswainssharedthefourmajorgenotypes．However，different

5、bandingpatternswereidentifiedinChinesepopulation,indicatingthatsomevariationsdistinctfromfourmajorgenotypesoccurredinChinesepopulation．Clusteranalysis179Psojaeisolatesinto’7UPGMAgroupsatthelevelof80％geneticsimilarity,includingNortheastisolatesbeingdistributedin

6、7groups，andXinjiangpopulationin4groups．maverageShannon。SInformationindexoftheNortheastpopulationWasO．45，higherthanthatofXinjiang(0．34)，suggestingthattheNortheastpopulationhadhigherlevelofgeneticdiversitythanXinjiangpopulation．1f1坞Nei’Sgeneticidemitybetweentwopo

7、pulationsWas0．9935．AllgenotypesinXinjiangpopulationwerefoundintheNortheastpopulation,whiletherewere3genotypesintheNortheastpopulationWel'enotdetectedinXinjiangpopulation．ThesesuggestthatP．sojaeinX蛐iangwaslikelyintroducedfromNortheastChina．KEYWORDS：Phytophthoras

8、ojae，isolationmethod，CAPS，SSRgeneticdiversity．▲上．—J一刖吾大豆疫霉菌(Phytophthorasojae)于1949年在美国印第安纳州首次发现，随后的几十年间，该病害在亚洲，非洲，欧洲和美洲都有报道发生(Schmitthenner，1985)n1。1989年，沈崇尧在中国东北地区首次分离到大豆疫