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1、OverviewCommunicatingclimatechange:history,challenges,processandfuturedirectionsSusanneC.Moser∗Sinceanthropogenicclimatechangefirstemergedonthepublicagendainthemid-to-late1980s,publiccommunicationofclimatechangeand—morerecently—thequestionofhowtocommunicateitmosteffectivelyhav
2、ewitnessedasteeprise.Thispapersynthesizeswhatisknown,presumed,andstillunknownabouthowtoeffectivelycommunicatethisproblem.Anintroductoryhistoricaloverviewofclimatechangecommunicationisfollowedbyadiscussionofthechallengesthatcommunicatorsfaceintryingtoconveytheissue(invisibilit
3、yofcauses,distantimpacts,lackofimmediacyanddirectexperienceoftheimpacts,lackofgratificationfortakingmitigativeactions,disbeliefinhuman’sglobalinfluence,complexityanduncertainty,inadequatesignalsindicatingtheneedforchange,perceptuallimitsandself-interest).Thecoreofthepaperfocuse
4、sonkeyaspectsofthecommunicationprocess(purposeandscopeofthecommunication,audience,framing,messages,messengers,modesandchannelsofcommunication,andassessingtheoutcomesandeffectivenessofacommunication).Theseelementsareplacedinrelationshiptoseveralcontextualfactorsthataffecttheco
5、mmunicationprocess.Thepaperconcludeswithsuggestionsforfutureresearchonclimatechangecommunication.2010JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd.WIREsClimChange2010131–53...thingsthataretrueandthingsthatarejustspeaker,earnestandpassionateemotionsevokedbyhaveanaturaltendencytoprevailovertheiracommuni
6、cationintheaudience,andthelogical,opposites...truthfulcontentofthespokenwords.Afterall,timeAristotle(fromRhetoric,PartI,350BC)wouldrevealthatwhichistrueandjust,therebysiftinghonestspeechfromitsdeceivingopposite[Ref.1].ome2300yearsago,twolearnedmenofOldSAttheturnofthesecondmil
7、lenniumAD,Greecewerearguingovertherelativemeritsandthelearnedcontemporariessuggestclimatechangeappropriateformsofpubliccommunication.Oneofisoneofthemostconcerningissuesofourday.them,Plato,favoredone-on-onedialoguetoshedlightCommunicationaboutitisallaroundus,vyingforonimportan
8、tissuesandtoassesssystematicallywhatthepublicsandpolicy-makersattent
