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ID:33572592
大小:11.61 MB
页数:58页
时间:2019-02-27
《壳聚糖聚乙烯复合纳米导电纤维制备及性能研究》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、摘要静电纺丝是一种简单方便、成本较低的制备纳米纤维的重要方法,制得的纤维具有直径小、比表面积大等优点。本课题选取壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、纳米石墨颗粒(G)为原料,配制CS/PVA/G共混纺丝体系,研究纳米石墨颗粒在共混纺丝体系中的分散性,优化共混体系分散方案,分析纳米石墨颗粒含量对共混体系导电性能的影响,确定纳米石墨的导电渗流临界值;探索优化静电纺丝工艺参数,制备CS/PVA及CS/PVA/G复合纳米纤维;采用溶液原位化学聚合法,在复合纳米纤维表面均匀聚合导电聚合物聚苯胺(PANi),制备CS/PVA/PANi及CS/PVA/G/PANi复合纳米
2、导电纤维。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(Ⅺ①)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(F陬)、皮安表等对复合纳米纤维微观形貌、结构成分及导电性能进行分析与比较。结果表明,分散剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K90(PVP)与纳米石墨的质量比为1:1时,纳米石墨在共混体系中具有良好的分散性,纳米石墨的导电渗流临界值为12.5%;最优化静电纺丝工艺为:纺丝电压15kV,接收距离10em,挤出速度O.8mL/h;所制备复合纳米纤维中纳米石墨不会破坏壳聚糖和PVA间的强氢键作用以及结晶结构;聚苯胺已均匀包覆于纤维表面,呈现颗粒状,聚合后CS/PVA/PANi及CS/PVA/
3、G/PANi复合纳米导电纤维电导率提高了5到6个数量级,电导率为2.72X10一S/cm,导电性明显提高,己达到导电纤维范围。关键词:纳米纤维;壳聚糖;静电纺丝;纳米石墨颗粒;聚苯胺ABSTRACTElectrospinningisanimportantfeasiblemethodtoproducenanopolymerfiberseasilyandlow.costed.Electrospunfibershaveadvantageofhighspecificsurfaceandlowdiameter.Inthiswork,thechitosan(cs),po
4、lyvinylalcohol(PVA)andnanographite(G)wereusedasrawmaterials.Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)Wasemployedtoimprovethedispersibilityofnanographiteinthespinningsolutions,andtheinfluenceofgraphitemassfractionontheblendedsolutionwerestuded.CS/PVA/Gcompositenanofiberswerethenpreparedbyelectrospi
5、nning.Theeffectofelectrospinningprocessparametersontheformationandmorphologyofthefiberswerestuded,andtheoptimalprocessparameterswerefixed.PolyanilinewerecoatedonthesurfaceofCS/PVAcompositenanofibersandCS/PVA/Gcompositenanofibersbyin-situpolymerization.Thebestsitupolymerizationproce
6、ssparameterswerefixedbyaseriesofexperiments.ThesurfacemorphologyandthecompositionofthesenanofiberswerecharacterizedbySEM,TEM,XRDandFTIR.Theconductivityofallthecompositenanfibersweretestedcomparedandanalysed.Theresultsshowedthat,PVPcallimprovingthedispersibilityofnanographiteinthebl
7、endsystem,theconductivepercolationthresholdofnanographiteisabout12.5%.Theoptimalparametersofelectrospinningmethod:spinningvoltage15kV,receivingdistance10cm,extrusionrate0.8mL/h.ThenallOgraphitedoesnotdestroythehydrogenbondingandcrystalstructurebetweenchitosanandPVA.Polyanilinehasbe
8、enuniformlycoatedonthefibe
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